归并排序的两种实现代码Python

归并排序

#归并排序传统代码
def mergeSort(alist):
    print('Splitting',alist)
    if len(alist) > 1:
        mid = len(alist) // 2
        lefthalf = alist[:mid]
        righthalf = alist[mid:]

        mergeSort(lefthalf)
        mergeSort(righthalf)

        i = 0
        j = 0
        k = 0
        while i < len(lefthalf) and j < len(righthalf):
            if lefthalf[i] < righthalf[j]:
                alist[k] = lefthalf[i]
                k += 1
                i += 1
            else:
                alist[k] = righthalf[j]
                j += 1
                k += 1

        while i < len(lefthalf):
            alist[k] = lefthalf[i]
            i += 1
            k += 1
        while j < len(righthalf):
            alist[k] = righthalf[j]
            j += 1
            k += 1

    print('Merging',alist)

================================ RESTART: E:/Python39/mergesort.py ===============================
>>> b = [54,26,93,17,77,31,44,55,20]
>>>> mergeSort(b)
Splitting [54, 26, 93, 17, 77, 31, 44, 55, 20]
Splitting [54, 26, 93, 17]
Splitting [54, 26]
Splitting [54]
Merging [54]
Splitting [26]
Merging [26]
Merging [26, 54]
Splitting [93, 17]
Splitting [93]
Merging [93]
Splitting [17]
Merging [17]
Merging [17, 93]
Merging [17, 26, 54, 93]
Splitting [77, 31, 44, 55, 20]
Splitting [77, 31]
Splitting [77]
Merging [77]
Splitting [31]
Merging [31]
Merging [31, 77]
Splitting [44, 55, 20]
Splitting [44]
Merging [44]
Splitting [55, 20]
Splitting [55]
Merging [55]
Splitting [20]
Merging [20]
Merging [20, 55]
Merging [20, 44, 55]
Merging [20, 31, 44, 55, 77]
Merging [17, 20, 26, 31, 44, 54, 55, 77, 93]
>>> 

#更加有Python风格的代码
def merge_sort(lst):
    #递归结束条件
    if len(lst) <= 1:
        return lst
    
    #分解问题，并递归调用
    middle = len(lst) // 2
    left = merge_sort(lst[:middle]) #左半部分排好序
    right = merge_sort(lst[middle:]) #右半部分排好序

    #合并左右半部，完成排序
    merged = []
    while left and right:
        if left[0] <= right[0]:
            merged.append(left.pop(0))
        else:
            merged.append(right.pop(0))

    merged.extend(right if right else left)
    return merged