一.文件内容查看
1.查看/etc/passwd文件的第6行
[root@localhost ~]# head -6 /etc/passwd | tail -1
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
[root@localhost ~]#
2.查看etc/selinux/config 以SELINUX开头的行
[root@localhost ~]# grep ^[SELINUX] /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=enforcing
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
3.查找/etc/ssh/sshd_condig以no结尾的行
[root@localhost ~]# grep no$ /etc/selinux/config
4.过滤/etc/ssh/sshd_config包含数字的行
[root@localhost ~]# grep ^[0-9] /etc/selinux/config
二.文本处理
查看/etc/passwd文件以“:”分隔符的第一列内容,并按字母逆序写入/username文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/passwd | cut -d : -f 1 | sort -rn | tee /etc/username
zhangfei
usbmuxd
unbound
统计/etc/passwd文件一共有几行,只把行数显示
[root@localhost ~]# wc -l /etc/passwd
48 /etc/passwd
三.统计系统执行频率最高的前十个命令
[root@localhost ~]# history | awk '{CMD[$2]++;count++;} END { for (a in CMD )print CMD[ a ]" " CMD[ a ]/count*100 "% " a }' | grep -v "./" | column -c3 -s " " -t |sort -nr | nl | head -n10
1 93 21.2329% ll
2 50 11.4155% cat
3 32 7.30594% cd
4 20 4.56621% mkdir
5 20 4.56621% ln
6 18 4.10959% date
7 17 3.88128% grep
8 17 3.88128% find
9 15 3.42466% echo
10 13 2.96804% rm