ViewModel在Android Studio 新版本中初始化的方法

核心初始化语句：

​
myViewModel = new ViewModelProvider(this, new ViewModelProvider.NewInstanceFactory()).get(MyViewModel.class);

​

例子项目：简易篮球计分器

实现如下：

实现步骤：

1.创建一个java类，继承ViewModel，并将number声明为全局变量。

MyViewModel.java

package com.example.viewmodeltest;

import android.arch.lifecycle.ViewModel;

public class MyViewModel extends ViewModel {
    public int number = 0;
}

2.进行UI界面设置，将ViewModel初始化，用以保存数据。

MainActivity.java

package com.example.viewmodeltest;

import android.arch.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    MyViewModel myViewModel;
    TextView textView;
    Button button1, button2, button3;
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        myViewModel = new ViewModelProvider(this, new ViewModelProvider.NewInstanceFactory()).get(MyViewModel.class);

        textView = findViewById(R.id.textView);
        textView.setText(String.valueOf(myViewModel.number));

        button1 = findViewById(R.id.button);
        button2 = findViewById(R.id.button2);
        button3 = findViewById(R.id.button3);

        button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                myViewModel.number++;
                textView.setText(String.valueOf(myViewModel.number));
            }
        });

        button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                myViewModel.number += 2;
                textView.setText(String.valueOf(myViewModel.number));
            }
        });

        button3.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                myViewModel.number += 3;
                textView.setText(String.valueOf(myViewModel.number));
            }
        });

    }
}

其他：

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/Welcome"
        android:textSize="34sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.498"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.174" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/button1"
        android:textSize="34sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.45" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/button2"
        android:textSize="34sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.6" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/button"
        android:textSize="34sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.75" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

strings.xml

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">ViewModelTest</string>
    <string name="Welcome">Welcome</string>
    <string name="button1">+1</string>
    <string name="button2">+2</string>
    <string name="button">+3</string>
</resources>

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.viewmodeltest">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>