利用c++实现一个简单的通讯录管理系统,要求实现:
1.添加联系人2.显示联系人3.删除联系人4.查找联系人5.修改联系人6.清空通讯录
首先我们尝试来写一个函数显示一个主界面,方便用户选择
//--------------------------------显示菜单界面----------------------------------------
void showMenu()
{
cout << "**********************" << endl;
cout << "*****1.添加联系人*****" << endl;
cout << "*****2.显示联系人*****" << endl;
cout << "*****3.删除联系人*****" << endl;
cout << "*****4.查找联系人*****" << endl;
cout << "*****5.修改联系人*****" << endl;
cout << "*****6.清空联系人*****" << endl;
cout << "*****0.退出通讯录*****" << endl;
cout << "**********************" << endl;
}
运行结果:
然后编写函数的主要结构,其中需要创建俩个结构体,一个用来存放联系人信息,第二个作为通讯录存放联系人,主函数利用switch语句,实现各个功能,再把需要的各个函数写出来:
int main()
{
//创建通讯录结构体变量
Addressbooks abs;
//初始化通讯录中当前人员个数
abs.m_size = 0;
while (true) {
showMenu();//菜单调用
int select = 0;//创建用户选择输入的变量
cin >> select;
switch (select)
{
case 1://添加联系人
addperson(&abs);//利用地址传递,可以修饰实参
break;
case 2://显示联系人
showperson(&abs);
break;
case 3://删除联系人
deleperson(&abs);
break;
case 4://查找联系人
findperson(&abs);
break;
case 5://修改联系人
xgperson(&abs);
break;
case 6://清空联系人
cleanperson(&abs);
break;
case 0://退出通讯录
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
1.联系人结构体
struct person
{
string m_name; //名字
int m_sex; //性别
int m_age; //年龄
string m_phone; //电话
string m_addr; //地址
};
2.通讯录结构体
struct Addressbooks
{
//通讯录中保存的联系人数组
struct person personArray[MAX];
//通讯录中当前记录联系人个数
int m_size;
};
其中m_size用来存放通讯录联系人的数量,方便后续功能的实现
(1)添加联系人
void addperson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
//判断通讯录是否满了
if (abs->m_size == MAX) {
cout << "通讯录已经满了,无法添加!" << endl;
return;
}
else {
//添加联系人
//姓名
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名:" << endl;
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_name = name;
//性别
int sex = 0;
cout << "请输入性别:" << endl;
cout << "1 --- 男" << endl;
cout << "2 --- 女" << endl;
while (true) {
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2) {
abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_sex = sex;
break;
}
else {
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入:" << endl;
}
}
//年龄
int age = 0;
cout << "请输入年龄:" << endl;
while (true) {
cin >> age;
if (age >= 0 && age <= 150) {
abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_age = age;
break;
}
else {
cout << "年龄不符合,请重新输入" << endl;
}
}
//电话
cout << "请输入联系电话:" << endl;
string tele;
cin >> tele;
abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_phone = tele;
//地址
cout << "请输入地址:" << endl;
string addresss;
cin >> addresss;
abs->personArray[abs->m_size].m_addr = addresss;
//更新通讯录人数
abs->m_size++;
cout << "添加成功!" << endl;
system("pause");//请按任意键继续
system("cls");//清屏操作
}
}
设置通讯录有一个上限MAXN,利用宏定义,方便后续修改,通讯录总人数不能超过MAXN,函数利用了结构体指针,得到主函数abs通讯录的地址,才能对主函数通讯录里的值进行修改。
(2)显示联系人
//-----------------------------------2.显示联系人-----------------------------------
void showperson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
//判断通讯录中人数是否为0
if (abs->m_size == 0) {
cout << "很抱歉,没有记录。" << endl;
}
else {
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_size;i++) {
cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArray[i].m_name << "\t";
cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArray[i].m_sex==1?"男":"女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArray[i].m_age << "\t";
cout << "电话: " << abs->personArray[i].m_phone << "\t";
cout << "住址: " << abs->personArray[i].m_addr << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
直接利用一个循环阅遍就可以输出所有联系人
(3)删除联系人
//-----------------------------------3.删除联系人-----------------------------------
int ifexit(Addressbooks* abs, string name)//检测联系人是否存在
{
int x = 0;//用来判断查找的人是否存在
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_size; i++) {
if (abs->personArray[i].m_name == name) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;//如果没有找到,返回-1
}
void deleperson(Addressbooks* p)
{
cout << "请输入你要删除的联系人:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = ifexit(p, name);
if (ret == -1) {
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
else {
//找到,删除
for (int i = ret; i < p->m_size; i++) {
p->personArray[i] = p->personArray[i + 1];
}
p->m_size--;//更新通讯录人数
cout << "删除成功" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
删除联系人用到俩个函数,第一个用于查看要删除的联系人是否存在,第二个才执行删除操作,删除很简单,只需要用后面的数据覆盖前面的数据即可
(4)查找联系人
//-----------------------------------4.查找联系人-------------------------------------
void findperson(Addressbooks* abs) {
string name;
cout << "请输入要查找的联系人:" << endl;
cin >> name;
int ret = ifexit(abs, name);
if (ret == -1) {
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
else {
cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_name << "\t";
cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArray[ret].m_sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_age << "\t";
cout << "电话: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_phone << "\t";
cout << "住址: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_addr << "\t";
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
(5)修改联系人
//----------------------------------5.修改联系人------------------------------------
void xgperson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
cout << "请输入你要修改的联系人" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = ifexit(abs, name);
if (ret == -1) {
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
else {
//姓名
string name2;
cout << "请输入姓名:" << endl;
cin >> name2;
abs->personArray[ifexit(abs,name)].m_name = name2;
//性别
int sex = 0;
cout << "请输入性别:" << endl;
cout << "1 --- 男" << endl;
cout << "2 --- 女" << endl;
while (true) {
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2) {
abs->personArray[ifexit(abs, name)].m_sex = sex;
break;
}
else {
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入:" << endl;
}
}
//年龄
int age = 0;
cout << "请输入年龄:" << endl;
while (true) {
cin >> age;
if (age >= 0 && age <= 150) {
abs->personArray[ifexit(abs, name)].m_age = age;
break;
}
else {
cout << "年龄不符合,请重新输入" << endl;
}
}
//电话
cout << "请输入联系电话:" << endl;
string tele;
cin >> tele;
abs->personArray[ifexit(abs, name)].m_phone = tele;
//地址
cout << "请输入地址:" << endl;
string addresss;
cin >> addresss;
abs->personArray[ifexit(abs, name)].m_addr = addresss;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
修改联系人先找到要修改的对象,然后找到它的地址,并对其重新赋值覆盖
(6)清空通讯录
void cleanperson(Addressbooks* p)
{
cout << "你确定要清空联系人吗(输入yes或no)" << endl;
string xz;
cin >> xz;
if (xz == "yes") {
p->m_size = 0;
cout << "通讯录已经清空" << endl;
}
else {
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}