文件传输协议（File Transfer Protocol，FTP）是一种在网络中进行文件传输的广泛使用的标准协议。作为网络通信中的基础工具，FTP允许用户通过客户端软件与服务器进行交互，实现文件的上传、下载和其他文件操作。FTP工作在OSI模型的应用层，通常使用TCP作为其传输协议，确保数据传输的可靠性和顺序性。
项目要求
有服务器和客户端代码，基于TCP写的。
在同一路径下，将客户端可执行代码复制到其他的路径下，接下来在不同的路径下运行服务器和客户端。相当于另外一台电脑在访问服务器。
客户端和服务器链接成功后出现以下提示：四个功能
***************list**************//列出服务器所在目录下的普通文件名
***********put filename**********//从客户端所在路径上传文件
***********get filename**********//从服务器所在路径下载文件
**************quit***************//退出(可只退出客户端，服务器等待下一个客户端链接)
初版服务器
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
char str[32];
char buf[128];
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
if (argc != 2)
{
printf("usage:%s <端口号>\n", argv[0]);
return -1;
}
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0)
{
perror("socket err");
return -1;
}
printf("sockfd:%d\n", sockfd);
struct sockaddr_in saddr, caddr;
saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
saddr.sin_port = ntohs(atoi(argv[1]));
saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("0.0.0.0");
int len = sizeof(caddr);
if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&saddr, sizeof(saddr)) < 0)
{
perror("bind err");
return -1;
}
printf("bind ok\n");
if (listen(sockfd, 6) < 0)
{
perror("listen err");
return -1;
}
printf("listen ok\n");
while (1)
{
int acceptfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&caddr, &len);
if (acceptfd < 0)
{
perror("accept err");
return -1;
}
printf("port:%d ip:%s\n", ntohs(caddr.sin_port), inet_ntoa(caddr.sin_addr));
printf("accpetfd:%d\n", acceptfd);
while (1)
{
int ret;
ret = recv(acceptfd, str, sizeof(str), 0);
printf("来自客户端命令:%s\n", str);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
if (ret < 0)
{
perror("recv err");
return -1;
}
else if (ret == 0)
{
printf("client exit\n");
break;
}
else
{
if (!strcmp(str, "list"))
{
// 打开目录文件
DIR *dir;
dir = opendir(".");
struct dirent *d;
if (NULL == dir)
{
perror("opendir err");
return -1;
}
// 循环读目录
while ((d = readdir(dir)) != NULL)
{
// 判断是否为普通文件
if (d->d_type == 8)
// 发送给客户端
send(acceptfd, d->d_name, 128, 0);
}
// 发送一个结束的标志
send(acceptfd, "list end", 128, 0);
closedir(dir);
}
else if (!strncmp(str, "put ", strlen("put ")))
{
int fd = open(str + 4, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0777);
if (fd < 0)
{
perror("open err");
return -1;
}
// 接受客户端传来的文件内容
while (1)
{
ret = recv(acceptfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
if (!strcmp(buf, "put end"))
{
printf("%s\n", buf);
break;
}
if (ret < 0)
{
perror("recv err");
return -1;
}
else if (ret == 0)
{
printf("client exit\n");
break;
}
// 写到目标文件里面
write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
}
close(fd);
}
else if (!strncmp(str, "get ", strlen("get ")))
{
int fd = open(str + 4, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0)
{
perror("open err");
return -1;
}
// 循环读文件
while ((read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) != 0)
{
// 发送给服务器
send(acceptfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
}
send(acceptfd, "get end", 8, 0);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
printf("get file success\n");
close(fd);
}
}
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
}
close(acceptfd);
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
初版客户端
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
char str[32];
char buf[128];
void help()
{
printf("********************************************\n");
printf("* 功能菜单 *\n");
printf("********************************************\n");
printf("* list:列出服务器所在目录下的普通文件名 *\n");
printf("* put filename:从客户端所在路径上传文件 *\n");
printf("* get filename:从服务器所在路径下载文件 *\n");
printf("* quit:退出 *\n");
printf("********************************************\n");
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
if (argc != 3)
{
printf("usage:%s <IP地址> <端口号>\n", argv[0]);
return -1;
}
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0)
{
perror("socket err");
return -1;
}
printf("sockfd:%d\n", sockfd);
struct sockaddr_in saddr;
saddr.sin_family = AF_INET; // IPV4
saddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2])); // 端口号
saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]); // 虚拟机IP地址
if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&saddr, sizeof(saddr)) < 0)
{
perror("connect err");
return -1;
}
printf("connect ok\n");
help();
while (1)
{
fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
if (str[strlen(str) - 1] == '\n')
str[strlen(str) - 1] = '\0';
send(sockfd, str, sizeof(str), 0);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
if (!strncmp(str, "list", strlen("list")))
{
while (1)
{
// 接收服务器目录信息
recv(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
printf("%s\t", buf);
if (!strcmp(buf, "list end"))
break;
}
printf("\n");
}
else if (!strncmp(str, "put ", strlen("put ")))
{
int fd = open(str + 4, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0)
{
perror("open err");
return -1;
}
// 循环读文件
while (read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != 0)
{
// 发送给服务器
send(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
}
send(sockfd, "put end", 8, 0);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
printf("put file success\n");
close(fd);
}
else if (!strncmp(str, "get ", strlen("get ")))
{
int fd = open(str + 4, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0777);
if (fd < 0)
{
perror("open err");
return -1;
}
// 接受服务器传来的文件内容
while (1)
{
recv(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
if (!strcmp(buf, "get end"))
{
printf("%s\n", buf);
break;
}
else
{
// 写到目标文件里面
write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
}
}
close(fd);
}
else if (!strcmp(str, "quit"))
break;
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
终极版本
服务器
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
char str[32];
char buf[128];
int ret;
int list_file(int acceptfd)
{
DIR *dir;
dir = opendir(".");
struct dirent *d;
if (NULL == dir)
{
perror("opendir err");
return -1;
}
while ((d = readdir(dir)) != NULL)
{
if (d->d_type == 8)
{
send(acceptfd, d->d_name, 128, 0);
}
}
closedir(dir);
send(acceptfd, "list end", 128, 0);
}
int put_file(int acceptfd, char *str)
{
int fd = open(str + 4, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0777);
if (fd < 0)
{
perror("open err");
return -1;
}
while (1)
{
ret = recv(acceptfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
if (!strcmp(buf, "put end"))
{
printf("%s\n", buf);
break;
}
if (ret < 0)
{
perror("recv err");
return -1;
}
else if (ret == 0)
{
printf("client exit\n");
break;
}
write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
}
close(fd);
}
int get_file(int acceptfd, char *str)
{
int fd = open(str + 4, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0)
{
perror("open err");
return -1;
}
while ((read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) != 0)
{
send(acceptfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
}
send(acceptfd, "get end", 128, 0);
printf("get file success\n");
close(fd);
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
if (argc != 2)
{
printf("usage:%s <端口号>\n", argv[0]);
return -1;
}
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0)
{
perror("socket err");
return -1;
}
printf("sockfd:%d\n", sockfd);
struct sockaddr_in saddr, caddr;
saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
saddr.sin_port = ntohs(atoi(argv[1]));
saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("0.0.0.0");
int len = sizeof(caddr);
if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&saddr, sizeof(saddr)) < 0)
{
perror("bind err");
return -1;
}
printf("bind ok\n");
if (listen(sockfd, 6) < 0)
{
perror("listen err");
return -1;
}
printf("listen ok\n");
while (1)
{
int acceptfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&caddr, &len);
if (acceptfd < 0)
{
perror("accept err");
return -1;
}
printf("port:%d ip:%s\n", ntohs(caddr.sin_port), inet_ntoa(caddr.sin_addr));
printf("accpetfd:%d\n", acceptfd);
while (1)
{
ret = recv(acceptfd, str, sizeof(str), 0);
printf("来自客户端命令:%s\n", str);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
if (ret < 0)
{
perror("recv err");
return -1;
}
else if (ret == 0)
{
printf("client exit\n");
break;
}
else
{
if (!strncmp(str, "list", strlen("list")))
list_file(acceptfd);
else if (!strncmp(str, "put ", strlen("put ")))
put_file(acceptfd, str);
else if (!strncmp(str, "get ", strlen("get ")))
get_file(acceptfd, str);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
}
}
close(acceptfd);
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
客户端
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
char str[32];
char buf[128];
void help()
{
printf("********************************************\n");
printf("* 功能菜单 *\n");
printf("********************************************\n");
printf("* list:列出服务器所在目录下的普通文件名 *\n");
printf("* put filename:从客户端所在路径上传文件 *\n");
printf("* get filename:从服务器所在路径下载文件 *\n");
printf("* quit:退出 *\n");
printf("********************************************\n");
}
int list_file(int sockfd)
{
while (1)
{
recv(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
if (!strcmp(buf, "list end"))
{
printf("\n");
printf("%s\n", buf);
break;
}
else
{
printf("%s\t", buf);
}
}
}
int put_file(int sockfd, char *str)
{
int fd = open(str + 4, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0)
{
perror("open err");
return -1;
}
while (read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)) != 0)
{
send(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
}
send(sockfd, "put end", 128, 0);
printf("put file success\n");
close(fd);
}
int get_file(int sockfd, char *str)
{
int fd = open(str + 4, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0777);
if (fd < 0)
{
perror("open err");
return -1;
}
while (1)
{
recv(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
if (!strcmp(buf, "get end"))
{
printf("%s\n", buf);
break;
}
else
{
// printf("%s", buf);
write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
}
}
close(fd);
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
if (argc != 3)
{
printf("usage:%s <IP地址> <端口号>\n", argv[0]);
return -1;
}
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0)
{
perror("socket err");
return -1;
}
printf("sockfd:%d\n", sockfd);
struct sockaddr_in saddr;
saddr.sin_family = AF_INET; // IPV4
saddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2])); // 端口号
saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]); // 虚拟机IP地址
if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&saddr, sizeof(saddr)) < 0)
{
perror("connect err");
return -1;
}
printf("connect ok\n");
help();
while (1)
{
fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
if (str[strlen(str) - 1] == '\n')
str[strlen(str) - 1] = '\0';
send(sockfd, str, sizeof(str), 0);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
if (!strncmp(str, "list", strlen("list")))
list_file(sockfd);
else if (!strncmp(str, "put ", strlen("put ")))
put_file(sockfd, str);
else if (!strncmp(str, "get ", strlen("get ")))
get_file(sockfd, str);
else if (!strcmp(str, "quit"))
break;
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
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