主要涉及以下知识点:
类结构的使用:属性、方法及构造器 对象的创建与使用 类的封装性 声明和使用数组 数组的插入、删除和替换 关键字的使用:this
项目采用分级菜单方式。主菜单如下
导入Utility工具类
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* CMUtility工具类:
* 将不同的功能封装为方法,就是可以直接通过调用方法使用它的功能,而无需考虑具体的功能实现细节。
*/
public class Utility {
private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
/**
用于界面菜单的选择。该方法读取键盘,如果用户键入’1’-’5’中的任意字符,则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。
*/
public static char readMenuSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c != '1' && c != '2' &&
c != '3' && c != '4' && c != '5') {
System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:");
} else break;
}
return c;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个字符,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static char readChar() {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
return str.charAt(0);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个字符,并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static char readChar(char defaultValue) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, true);
return (str.length() == 0) ? defaultValue : str.charAt(0);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static int readInt() {
int n;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("数字输入错误,请重新输入:");
}
}
return n;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数,并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static int readInt(int defaultValue) {
int n;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, true);
if (str.equals("")) {
return defaultValue;
}
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("数字输入错误,请重新输入:");
}
}
return n;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static String readString(int limit) {
return readKeyBoard(limit, false);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串,并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static String readString(int limit, String defaultValue) {
String str = readKeyBoard(limit, true);
return str.equals("")? defaultValue : str;
}
/**
用于确认选择的输入。该方法从键盘读取‘Y’或’N’,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static char readConfirmSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false).toUpperCase();
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
break;
} else {
System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:");
}
}
return c;
}
private static String readKeyBoard(int limit, boolean blankReturn) {
String line = "";
while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
line = scanner.nextLine();
if (line.length() == 0) {
if (blankReturn) return line;
else continue;
}
if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
System.out.print("输入长度(不大于" + limit + ")错误,请重新输入:");
continue;
}
break;
}
return line;
}
}
设置主界面
/**
* @author 张~
* @create 1.0
*/
@SuppressWarnings({"all"})
public class CustomerView {
private CustomerList customers = new CustomerList(10);
public CustomerView() {
Customer customer = new Customer("坤坤", '男', 18, "17799998888",
"CXK@qq.com");
customers.addCustomer(customer);
}
public void enterMainMenu() {
boolean loopFlag = true;
do {
System.out
.println("\n---------------------客户管理系统-----------------\n");
System.out.println(" 1 添 加 客 户");
System.out.println(" 2 修 改 客 户");
System.out.println(" 3 删 除 客 户");
System.out.println(" 4 客 户 列 表");
System.out.println(" 5 退 出\n");
System.out.print(" 请选择(1-5):");
char key = Utility.readMenuSelection();
System.out.println();
switch (key) {
case '1':
addNewCustomer();
break;
case '2':
modifyCustomer();
break;
case '3':
deleteCustomer();
break;
case '4':
listAllCustomers();
break;
case '5':
System.out.print("确认是否退出(Y/N):");
char yn = Utility.readConfirmSelection();
if (yn == 'Y')
loopFlag = false;
break;
}
} while (loopFlag);
}
private void addNewCustomer() {
System.out.println("---------------------添加客户---------------------");
System.out.print("姓名:");
String name = Utility.readString(4);
System.out.print("性别:");
char gender = Utility.readChar();
System.out.print("年龄:");
int age = Utility.readInt();
System.out.print("电话:");
String phone = Utility.readString(15);
System.out.print("邮箱:");
String email = Utility.readString(15);
Customer customer = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email);
boolean flag = customers.addCustomer(customer);
if (flag) {
System.out
.println("---------------------添加完成---------------------");
} else {
System.out.println("----------------记录已满,无法添加-----------------");
}
}
private void modifyCustomer() {
System.out.println("---------------------修改客户---------------------");
int index = 0;
Customer cust = null;
for (;;) {
System.out.print("请选择待修改客户编号(-1退出):");
index = Utility.readInt();
if (index == -1) {
return;
}
cust = customers.getCustomer(index - 1);
if (cust == null) {
System.out.println("无法找到指定客户!");
} else
break;
}
System.out.print("姓名(" + cust.getName() + "):");
String name = Utility.readString(4, cust.getName());
System.out.print("性别(" + cust.getGender() + "):");
char gender = Utility.readChar(cust.getGender());
System.out.print("年龄(" + cust.getAge() + "):");
int age = Utility.readInt(cust.getAge());
System.out.print("电话(" + cust.getPhone() + "):");
String phone = Utility.readString(15, cust.getPhone());
System.out.print("邮箱(" + cust.getEmail() + "):");
String email = Utility.readString(15, cust.getEmail());
cust = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email);
boolean flag = customers.replaceCustomer(index - 1, cust);
if (flag) {
System.out
.println("---------------------修改完成---------------------");
} else {
System.out.println("----------无法找到指定客户,修改失败--------------");
}
}
private void deleteCustomer() {
System.out.println("---------------------删除客户---------------------");
int index = 0;
Customer customer = null;
for (;;) {
System.out.print("请选择待删除客户编号(-1退出):");
index = Utility.readInt();
if (index == -1) {
return;
}
customer = customers.getCustomer(index - 1);
if (customer == null) {
System.out.println("无法找到指定客户!");
} else
break;
}
System.out.print("确认是否删除(Y/N):");
char yn = Utility.readConfirmSelection();
if (yn == 'N')
return;
boolean flag = customers.deleteCustomer(index - 1);
if (flag) {
System.out
.println("---------------------删除完成---------------------");
} else {
System.out.println("----------无法找到指定客户,删除失败--------------");
}
}
private void listAllCustomers() {
System.out.println("---------------------------客户列表---------------------------");
Customer[] allCustomers = customers.getAllCustomers();
if (allCustomers.length == 0) {
System.out.println("没有客户记录!");
} else {
System.out.println("编号\t\t姓名\t\t性别\t\t年龄\t\t电话\t\t\t邮箱");
for (int i = 0; i < allCustomers.length; i++) {
System.out.println((i+1) + "\t" + allCustomers[i].getDetails());
}
}
System.out.println("-------------------------客户列表完成-------------------------");
}
}
封装客户信息
/**
* @author 张~
* @version 1.0
*/
public class Customer {
/*
String name :客户姓名
char gender :性别
int age :年龄
String phone:电话号码
String email :电子邮箱
*/
private String name;
private char gender;
private int age;
private String phone;
private String email;
public Customer() {
}
public Customer(String name, char gender, int age, String phone, String email) {
this.name = name;
this.gender = gender;
this.age = age;
this.phone = phone;
this.email = email;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public char getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(char gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getDetails() {
return name + "\t\t" + gender + "\t\t" + age + "\t\t" + phone + "\t\t" + email;
}
}
定义CustomerList类 该类为Customer对象的管理模块,内部使用数组管理一组Customer对象
/**
* @author 张~
* @version 1.0
*/
@SuppressWarnings({"all"})
public class CustomerList {
/*
Customer[] customers:用来保存客户对象的数组
int total = 0 :记录已保存客户对象的数量
*/
private Customer[] customers;
private int total = 0;
/**
* 用途:构造器,用来初始化customers数组
* 参数:totalCustomer:指定customers数组的最大空间
* @param totalCustomer
*/
public CustomerList(int totalCustomer){
customers = new Customer[totalCustomer];
}
/**
* 用途:将参数customer添加组中最后一个客户对象记录之后
* 参数:customer指定要添加的客户对象
* 返回:添加成功返回true;false表示数组已满,无法添加
* @param customer
* @return
*/
public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer){
if(total > customers.length){
return false;
}else{
customers[total++] = customer;
return true;
}
}
/**
* 用途:用参数customer替换数组中由index指定的对象
* 参数:customer指定替换的新客户对象
* index指定所替换对象在数组中的位置,从0开始
* 返回:替换成功返回true;false表示索引无效,无法替换
* @param index
* @param cust
* @return
*/
public boolean replaceCustomer(int index, Customer customer){
if(index < 0 || index >= total){
return false;
}else {
customers[index] = customer;
return true;
}
}
/**
* 用途:从数组中删除参数index指定索引位置的客户对象记录
* 参数: index指定所删除对象在数组中的索引位置,从0开始
* 返回:删除成功返回true;false表示索引无效,无法删除
* @param index
* @return
*/
public boolean deleteCustomer(int index){
if(index < 0 || index >= total){
return false;
}else{
for (int i = index; i < total - 1; i++) {
customers[i] = customers[i+1];
}
customers[--total] = null;
return true;
}
}
/**
* 用途:返回数组中记录的所有客户对象
* 返回: Customer[] 数组中包含了当前所有客户对象,该数组长度与对象个数相同。
* @return
*/
public Customer[] getAllCustomers(){
Customer[] customers = new Customer[total];
for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
customers[i] = customers[i];
}
return customers;
}
/**
* 用途:返回参数index指定索引位置的客户对象记录
* 参数: index指定所要获取的客户在数组中的索引位置,从0开始
* 返回:封装了客户信息的Customer对象
* @param index
* @return
*/
public Customer getCustomer(int index){
if(index < 0 ||index >= total){
return null;
}else {
return customers[index];
}
}
public int getTotal(){
return total;
}
}
添加main方法
/**
* @author 张~
* @version 1.0
*/
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CustomerView customerView = new CustomerView();
customerView.enterMainMenu();
}
}