python中jsonpath的安装、使用和案例

一.安装

1.同xpath篇一样找到安装路径，具体图片如下：

2.查看是否安装成功：

二.使用

1.jsonpath对应的 json 字符串：

{
    "store": {
        "book": [{
                "category": "reference",
                "author": "Nigel Rees",
                "title": "Sayings of the Century",
                "price": 8.95
            }, {
                "category": "fiction",
                "author": "Evelyn Waugh",
                "title": "Sword of Honour",
                "price": 12.99
            }, {
                "category": "fiction",
                "author": "Herman Melville",
                "title": "Moby Dick",
                "isbn": "0-553-21311-3",
                "price": 8.99
            }, {
                "category": "fiction",
                "author": "J. R. R. Tolkien",
                "title": "The Lord of the Rings",
                "isbn": "0-395-19395-8",
                "price": 22.99
            }
        ],
        "bicycle": {
            "color": "red",
            "price": 19.95
        }
    }
}

2.xpath和jsonpath的对比：

3.jsonpath查找节点结果示例：

import json
import jsonpath

obj = json.load(open('解析_jsonpath.json', 'r', encoding='utf-8'))
# 书店所有书的作者即所有book的author节点
author_list = jsonpath.jsonpath(obj, '$.store.book[*].author')
print(author_list)

三.案例

1.获取 json 数据并保存至本地

import urllib.request
url = 'https://dianying.taobao.com/cityAction.json?activityId&_ksTS=1679306734047_108&jsoncallback=jsonp109&action=cityAction&n_s=new&event_submit_doGetAllRegion=true'
headers = {
    'accept': 'text/javascript, application/javascript, application/ecmascript, application/x-ecmascript, */*; q=0.01',
    # 'accept-encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
    'accept-language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
    'bx-v': '2.2.3',
    'cookie': "cna=Q4AUHKqROiYCAXWFM3jmP2wl; t=857710425004b8b3af9cbd4ea5892468; cookie2=187fe46494bde6a854d98197651f42a4; v=0; _tb_token_=eddee0183e67e; xlly_s=1; l=fBrhnmSnTmYeA136BO5Bnurza779uIRb8tFzaNbMiIEGa6FhTFagTNCsB4qD7dtjgTfx2etz1WWCvdEJyAaLRFsWHpfuKtyuJrv6-bpU-L5..; tfstk=cRrABOTiO_fDcC5i4mQk7SwvecEAZ59xsKG9XkWabBGf9ytOiUr3vKxGlAlEMTC..; isg=BJmZsARkGRDIJMIRubqYLSAtqIVzJo3YQx3L57tOgUA_wrhUA3IGqPicxIa0uCUQ",
    'referer': 'https://dianying.taobao.com/',
    'sec-ch-ua': '"Google Chrome";v="105", "Not)A;Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="105"',
    'sec-ch-ua-mobile': '?0',
    'sec-ch-ua-platform': '"Windows"',
    'sec-fetch-dest': 'empty',
    'sec-fetch-mode': 'cors',
    'sec-fetch-site': 'same-origin',
    'user-agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/105.0.0.0 Safari/537.36",
    'x-requested-with': 'XMLHttpRequest'
}
request = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=headers)
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
content = response.read().decode('utf-8')
# split切割
content = content.split('(')[1].split(')')[0]
print(content)
with open('解析_jsonpath淘票票.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8')as fp:
    fp.write(content)
#     shift+alt+l对json格式文件进行格式化

2.根据本地 json 文件获取相应信息

import json
import jsonpath
obj = json.load(open('解析_jsonpath淘票票.json', 'r', encoding='utf-8'))
city_list = jsonpath.jsonpath(obj, '$..regionName')
print(city_list)

结果：

红框内的为最终结果，因此需要对字符串进行切割，获取最终结果如下：

黄框为最终结果，绿框为jsonpath解析完字段reginName的结果。