目录
本次目标：
- 盐加密
- shiro认证
一、盐加密
1. 什么是盐加密
加盐加密是一种对系统登录口令的加密方式，它实现的方式是将每一个口令同一个叫做”盐“（salt）的n位随机数相关联。
无论何时只要口令改变，随机数就改变。随机数以未加密的方式存放在口令文件中，这样每个人都可以读。
不再只保存加密过的口令，而是先将口令和随机数连接起来然后一同加密，加密后的结果放在口令文件中。
2. 数据库密码的发展史
(md5就是一种信息摘要加密算法。)
第一个阶段：明文密码
第二个阶段：md5加密
第三个阶段：md5加盐加密
第四个阶段：md5加盐加密加次数
盐是随机器生成的，次数是自己定义的。
加密地址：md5解密加密
示例：
PasswordHelper ：
package com.ps.shiro;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.RandomNumberGenerator;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.SecureRandomNumberGenerator;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.hash.SimpleHash;
/**
* 用于shiro权限认证的密码工具类
*/
public class PasswordHelper {
/**
* 随机数生成器
*/
private static RandomNumberGenerator randomNumberGenerator = new SecureRandomNumberGenerator();
/**
* 指定hash算法为MD5
*/
private static final String hashAlgorithmName = "md5";
/**
* 指定散列次数为1024次，即加密1024次
*/
private static final int hashIterations = 1024;
/**
* true指定Hash散列值使用Hex加密存. false表明hash散列值用用Base64-encoded存储
*/
private static final boolean storedCredentialsHexEncoded = true;
/**
* 获得加密用的盐
*
* @return
*/
public static String createSalt() {
return randomNumberGenerator.nextBytes().toHex();
}
/**
* 获得加密后的凭证
*
* @param credentials 凭证(即密码)
* @param salt 盐
* @return
*/
public static String createCredentials(String credentials, String salt) {
SimpleHash simpleHash = new SimpleHash(hashAlgorithmName, credentials,
salt, hashIterations);
return storedCredentialsHexEncoded ? simpleHash.toHex() : simpleHash.toBase64();
}
/**
* 进行密码验证
*
* @param credentials 未加密的密码
* @param salt 盐
* @param encryptCredentials 加密后的密码
* @return
*/
public static boolean checkCredentials(String credentials, String salt, String encryptCredentials) {
return encryptCredentials.equals(createCredentials(credentials, salt));
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//盐
String salt = createSalt();
System.out.println(salt);
System.out.println(salt.length());
//凭证+盐加密后得到的密码
String credentials = createCredentials("123456", salt);
System.out.println(credentials);
System.out.println(credentials.length());
boolean b = checkCredentials("123456", salt, credentials);
System.out.println(b);
}
}
运行结果：
二、Shiro认证
1. 配置环境
pom依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
web.xml配置：
<!-- shiro过滤器定义 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
<init-param>
<!-- 该值缺省为false,表示生命周期由SpringApplicationContext管理,设置为true则表示由ServletContainer管理 -->
<param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
2.完成登录的方法 Mapper层的编写，接着biz层
（逆向生成的表是放在generatorConfig.xml中）
UserMapper.xml
<!--通过用户名进行查询-->
<select id="queryUserByUserName" resultType="com.ps.ssm.model.User" parameterType="java.lang.String" >
select
<include refid="Base_Column_List" />
from t_shiro_user
where username = #{userName}
</select>UserMapper.java
User queryUserByUserName(@Param("userName") String userName);UserBiz.java
package com.ps.ssm.biz;
import com.ps.ssm.model.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
public interface UserBiz {
int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer userid);
int insert(User record);
int insertSelective(User record);
User selectByPrimaryKey(Integer userid);
User queryUserByUserName(@Param("userName") String userName);
int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(User record);
int updateByPrimaryKey(User record);
}UserBizImpl.java
package com.ps.ssm.biz.imp;
import com.ps.ssm.biz.UserBiz;
import com.ps.ssm.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.ps.ssm.model.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* @author 彭于晏
* @site www.pengyuyan.com
* @company 玉渊工作室
* @create 2022-08-26 12:19
*/
@Service
public class UserBizImpl implements UserBiz {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Override
public int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer userid) {
return userMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(userid);
}
@Override
public int insert(User record) {
return userMapper.insert(record);
}
@Override
public int insertSelective(User record) {
return userMapper.insertSelective(record);
}
@Override
public User selectByPrimaryKey(Integer userid) {
return userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(userid);
}
@Override
public User queryUserByUserName(String userName) {
return userMapper.queryUserByUserName(userName);
}
@Override
public int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(User record) {
return userMapper.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(record);
}
@Override
public int updateByPrimaryKey(User record) {
return userMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(record);
}
}
3. 完成自定义realm（重点）
- Shiro从Realm获取安全数据（如用户、角色、权限），就是说SecurityManager要验证用户身份，那么它需要从Realm获取相应的用户进行比较以确定用户身份是否合法；
- 也需要从Realm得到用户相应的角色/权限进行验证用户是否能进行操作；可以把Realm看成DataSource，即安全数据源。
- 最基础的是Realm接口，CachingRealm负责缓存处理，AuthenticationRealm负责认证，AuthorizingRealm负责授权。
AuthorizationInfo：授权信息
AuthenticationInfo：认证信息
Realm体系结构：
自定义Realm—MyRealm
package com.ps.ssm.shiro;
import com.ps.ssm.biz.UserBiz;
import com.ps.ssm.model.User;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;
/**
* @author 彭于晏
* @site www.pengyuyan.com
* @company 玉渊工作室
* @create 2022-08-26 12:45
*/
public class MyRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
public UserBiz userBiz;
public UserBiz getUserBiz() {
return userBiz;
}
public void setUserBiz(UserBiz userBiz) {
this.userBiz = userBiz;
}
/**
* 授权
* @param principals
* @return
* 替代shiro-web-ini
*/
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
return null;
}
/**
* 认证
* @param token
* @return
* @throws AuthenticationException
* 替代shiro.ini
*/
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
//调用查询方法
String userName = token.getPrincipal().toString();
User user = userBiz.queryUserByName(userName);
AuthenticationInfo info = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(
user.getUsername(),
user.getPassword(),
ByteSource.Util.bytes(user.getSalt()),
this.getName()//realm的名字
);
return info;
}
}
application-shiro配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--配置自定义的Realm-->
<bean id="shiroRealm" class="com.ps.ssm.shiro.MyRealm">
<property name="userBiz" ref="userBiz" />
<!--注意：重要的事情说三次~~~~~~此处加密方式要与用户注册时的算法一致 -->
<!--注意：重要的事情说三次~~~~~~此处加密方式要与用户注册时的算法一致 -->
<!--注意：重要的事情说三次~~~~~~此处加密方式要与用户注册时的算法一致 -->
<!--以下三个配置告诉shiro将如何对用户传来的明文密码进行加密-->
<property name="credentialsMatcher">
<bean id="credentialsMatcher" class="org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher">
<!--指定hash算法为MD5-->
<property name="hashAlgorithmName" value="md5"/>
<!--指定散列次数为1024次-->
<property name="hashIterations" value="1024"/>
<!--true指定Hash散列值使用Hex加密存. false表明hash散列值用用Base64-encoded存储-->
<property name="storedCredentialsHexEncoded" value="true"/>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<!--注册安全管理器-->
<bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
<property name="realm" ref="shiroRealm" />
</bean>
<!--Shiro核心过滤器-->
<bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
<!-- Shiro的核心安全接口,这个属性是必须的 -->
<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" />
<!-- 身份验证失败，跳转到登录页面 -->
<property name="loginUrl" value="/login"/>
<!-- 身份验证成功，跳转到指定页面 -->
<!--<property name="successUrl" value="/index.jsp"/>-->
<!-- 权限验证失败，跳转到指定页面 -->
<property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/unauthorized.jsp"/>
<!-- Shiro连接约束配置,即过滤链的定义 -->
<property name="filterChainDefinitions">
<value>
<!--
注：anon，authcBasic，auchc，user是认证过滤器
perms，roles，ssl，rest，port是授权过滤器
-->
<!--anon 表示匿名访问，不需要认证以及授权-->
<!--authc表示需要认证 没有进行身份认证是不能进行访问的-->
<!--roles[admin]表示角色认证，必须是拥有admin角色的用户才行-->
/user/login=anon
/user/updatePwd.jsp=authc
/admin/*.jsp=roles[admin]
/user/teacher.jsp=perms["user:update"]
<!-- /css/** = anon
/images/** = anon
/js/** = anon
/ = anon
/user/logout = logout
/user/** = anon
/userInfo/** = authc
/dict/** = authc
/console/** = roles[admin]
/** = anon-->
</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- Shiro生命周期，保证实现了Shiro内部lifecycle函数的bean执行 -->
<bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>
</beans>
applicationContext.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<import resource="applicationContext-mybatis.xml"></import>
<import resource="applicationContext-shiro.xml"></import>
</beans>4.Spring与shiro的整合（注意）
ShiroUserController
package com.ps.ssm.controller;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
/**
* @author 彭于晏
* @site www.pengyuyan.com
* @company 玉渊工作室
* @create 2022-08-26 13:11
*/
@Controller
public class ShiroUserController {
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(HttpServletRequest request){
try {
//传入
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
//令牌
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password);
//拿到当前登录主题
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
//通过登录主题进行登录
subject.login(token);
return "main";
}catch (Exception e){
request.setAttribute("message","账号密码错误");
return "login";
}
}
@RequestMapping("/logout")
public String logout(HttpServletRequest request){
//拿到登录主体
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
subject.logout();
return "login";
}
}
工具类：PasswordHelper
package com.ps.shiro;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.RandomNumberGenerator;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.SecureRandomNumberGenerator;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.hash.SimpleHash;
/**
* 用于shiro权限认证的密码工具类
*/
public class PasswordHelper {
/**
* 随机数生成器(生成盐)
*/
private static RandomNumberGenerator randomNumberGenerator = new SecureRandomNumberGenerator();
/**
* 指定hash算法为MD5
*/
private static final String hashAlgorithmName = "md5";
/**
* 指定散列次数为1024次，即加密1024次
*/
private static final int hashIterations = 1024;
/**
* true指定Hash散列值使用Hex加密存. false表明hash散列值用用Base64-encoded存储
*/
private static final boolean storedCredentialsHexEncoded = true;
/**
* 获得加密用的盐(生成一个随机的盐)
*
* @return
*/
public static String createSalt() {
return randomNumberGenerator.nextBytes().toHex();
}
/**
* 获得加密后的凭证
*
* @param credentials 凭证(即密码)
* @param salt 盐
* @return
*/
public static String createCredentials(String credentials, String salt) {
SimpleHash simpleHash = new SimpleHash(hashAlgorithmName, credentials,
salt, hashIterations);
return storedCredentialsHexEncoded ? simpleHash.toHex() : simpleHash.toBase64();
}
/**
* 进行密码验证
*
* @param credentials 未加密的密码
* @param salt 盐
* @param encryptCredentials 加密后的密码
* @return
*/
public static boolean checkCredentials(String credentials, String salt, String encryptCredentials) {
return encryptCredentials.equals(createCredentials(credentials, salt));
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//盐
String salt = createSalt();
System.out.println(salt);
System.out.println(salt.length());
//凭证+盐加密后得到的密码
String credentials = createCredentials("123456", salt);
System.out.println(credentials);
System.out.println(credentials.length());
boolean b = checkCredentials("123456", salt, credentials);
System.out.println(b);
}
}
测试：
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