Nacos

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-19 16:45:52 发布

阿丢676

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-19 16:45:52 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_63611782/article/details/130107889

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关于Nacos

一、nacos的介绍

1、什么是nacos？

na代表Naming
co代表Configuration
s代表Service

nacos是alibaba的一个配置中心和注册中心

2、nacos的启动器

spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config

二、nacos的安装和启动

1、下载

自行百度搜索

2、上传并解压

/usr/upload     //上传至指定目录
cd /usr/upload  //跳转至指定目录
tar -zxvf nacos-server-1.4.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local   //解压至指定目录

3、启动和关闭

 cd /usr/local/nacos/bin  //跳转

启动：

./startup.sh -m standalone

关闭：

./shutdown.sh

4、测试:

http://192.168.233.128:8848/nacos
默认的用户名和密码：nacos/nacos

三、nacos注册中心

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(Integer id, String name, Integer age) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

1、提供者(nacos_provider)

UserService

public interface UserService {
    User getUserById(Integer id);
}

UserServiceImpl

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

	@Override
	public User getUserById(Integer id) {
		return new User(id,"王粪堆",18);
	}
}

ProviderController

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/provider")
public class ProviderController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/getUserById/{id}")
    public User getUserById(@PathVariable Integer id){
        return userService.getUserById(id);
    }
}

pom.xml

spring-boot-starter-web
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery

application.yml

server:  
	port: 8090
spring:  
	cloud:    
		nacos:      
			discovery:        
				server-addr: 192.168.233.128:8848 #nacos注册中心的地址  
	application:    
		name: nacos-provider #注册到nacos的服务名

NacosProviderApp.Class

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient //允许注册自己并发现其他服务
public class NacosProviderApp {    
 public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosProviderApp.class, args);
    }
}

2、消费者(nacos_consumer)

pom.xml

spring-boot-starter-web
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery

application.yml

server:  
	port: 80
spring:  
	cloud:    
		nacos:      
			discovery:        
				server-addr: 192.168.58.129:8848 #nacos注册中心的地址  
	application:    
		name: nacos-provider #注册到nacos的服务名

NacosConumserApp.Class

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient //允许注册自己并发现其他服务
public class NacosConumserApp {    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosConumserApp.class, args);
    }
}

BeanConfig

@Configuration
public class BeanConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

ConsumerController

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consumer")
public class ConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    //springcloud提供的一个工具类：发现服务
    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    @RequestMapping("/getUserById/{id}")
    public User getUserById(@PathVariable Integer id){

        //问题：1、ip和port硬编码   2、不支持负载均衡 --->Map<nacos-provider, List<127.0.0.1:8090>>
        //String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8090/provider/getUserById/"+id;

        ServiceInstance instance = discoveryClient.getInstances("nacos-provider").get(0);
        System.out.println("ip："+instance.getHost()+", "+"port："+instance.getPort());

        //问题: 2、不支持负载均衡 --->Map<nacos-provider, List<127.0.0.1:8090>>
        String url = "http://"+instance.getHost()+":"+instance.getPort()+"/provider/getUserById/"+id;
        return restTemplate.getForObject(url, User.class);
    }
}

四、nacos的配置中心(nacos_config)

1、集中管理配置文件

pom.xml

spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery
spring-boot-starter-web

bootstrap.yml

spring:
 cloud:
  nacos:
   config:
    server-addr: 192.168.233.128:8848 #nacos配置中心的地址
    prefix: nacos-config #前缀，默认值是${spring.application.name}
    file-extension: yaml #后缀，默认值是properties

NacosConfigApp

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient //把自己注册到nacos，并从nacos中发现其他服务
public class NacosConfigApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosConfigApp.class, args);
    }
}

在http://192.168.233.128:8848/nacos配置中心添加

Data ID: nacos-config.yaml

prefix: nacos-config #前缀，默认值是${spring.application.name}
file-extension: yaml #后缀，默认值是properties

格式:YAML

内容:

server:
  port: 8090
spring:
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: http://192.168.58.129 #nacos注册中心的地址
        namespace: dev
        group: springcloud_parent
  application:
    name: nacos-config #注册到nacos的服务名

2、区分环境

配置管理模型

namespace ---------- 环境：dev、test、prod
group     ---------- 项目：springcloud_parent、jd_parent

配置隔离

①bootstrap.yml

spring:
 cloud:
  nacos:
   config:
    server-addr: 192.168.58.129:8848
    namespace: dev #开发环境:dev、test、prod
    group: springcloud_parent #项目名:jd_parent
    prefix: nacos-config
    file-extension: yaml

②nacos

新建namespace:dev

创建配置文件，并且group命名为：springcloud_parent

3、实时更新配置文件

ConfigController

@RestController
@RefreshScope //重新从BeanFactory获取一个新的实例（该实例使用新的配置）
public class ConfigController {

    @Value("${spring.datasource.driver-class-name}")
    private String driverClassName;
    @Value("${spring.datasource.url}")
    private String url;
    @Value("${spring.datasource.username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${spring.datasource.password}")
    private String password;
    @Value("${spring.datasource.type}")
    private String type;

    @GetMapping("/config/info")
    public String getConfigInfo() {
        System.out.println(this);
        String configInfo = driverClassName+"<br>"+url+"<br>"+username+"<br>"
                +password+"<br>"+type;
        return configInfo;
    }
}

测试实时更新最新配置文件

注意：logback.xml
原理：nacos监听md5

五、nacos的持久化

1、为什么要持久化？

nacos有自带的嵌入式数据库derby，如果搭建nacos集群则每台的配置文件都不一样

mysql安装
    1、下载rpm文件
        wget  http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
    2、安装rpm
        rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
    3、安装mysql
        yum -y install mysql-community-server  --nogpgcheck
    4、测试
        systemctl start mysqld
        systemctl status mysqld
        systemctl enable mysqld
        systemctl restart mysqld
        systemctl stop mysqld
    5、查找密码
        grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
    6、登录mysql
        mysql -u root -p
    7、修改密码策略
        mysql> SET GLOBAL validate_password_policy=LOW;
        mysql> SET GLOBAL validate_password_length=4;
    8、修改密码
        mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '1111';
    9、开启远程登录权限
        mysql> use mysql;
        mysql> select User,Host from user;
        mysql> update user set host ="%" where user = "root";
        mysql> flush privileges;

2、持久化

切换数据库

vim /usr/local/nacos/conf/application.properties:
                ### If use MySQL as datasource:
                spring.datasource.platform=mysql

                ### Count of DB:
                db.num=1

                ### Connect URL of DB:
                db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://192.168.58.128:3306/nacos?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=10000&socketTimeout=30000&autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
                db.user.0=root
                db.password.0=1111

建库建表

①新建数据库：nacos
②建表：
     找到/usr/local/nacos/conf/nacos-mysql.sql并在Navicat执行

测试

①重启nacos
②上传配置文件，观察是否持久化到mysql

六、nacos的集群搭建

1、问题

1）为什么是3台？投票选举leader
2）为什么要选leader？同步数据
3）如何实现负载均衡？nginx

2、搭建步骤

1）修改nacos的cluster.conf，配置3台nacos的通讯地址

            cd /usr/local/nacos/conf
            cp cluster.conf.example cluster.conf
            vim cluster.conf:
                192.168.58.129:8850
                192.168.58.129:8851
                192.168.58.129:8852

2）复制3台nacos

			cd /usr/local
             mkdir nacos_cluster
             cp -r nacos nacos_cluster/nacos_8850
             cp -r nacos nacos_cluster/nacos_8851
             cp -r nacos nacos_cluster/nacos_8852

3）修改3台nacos的ip

 		vim /usr/local/nacos_cluster/nacos_8850/conf/application.properties:
                server.port=8850
         vim /usr/local/nacos_cluster/nacos_8851/conf/application.properties:
                server.port=8851
         vim /usr/local/nacos_cluster/nacos_8852/conf/application.properties:
                server.port=8852

4）启动nacos集群

  			cd /usr/local/nacos_cluster/nacos_8850/bin
             ./startup.sh
             cd /usr/local/nacos_cluster/nacos_8851/bin
             ./startup.sh
             cd /usr/local/nacos_cluster/nacos_8852/bin
             ./startup.sh

5）测试

注册微服务到8850，观察8851和8852是否同步数据

3、搭建nginx

1）安装c语言的环境

yum -y install gcc pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel

2）下载nginx

cd /usr/upload
wget -c https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz

3）解压

tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz

4）配置安装路径

cd nginx-1.12.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

5）编译并安装

make && make install

6）开启和关闭

			cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
             开启：
                ./nginx
             关闭：
                ./nginx -s stop
             重新加载配置文件：
               ./nginx -s reload

7）配置nginx代理nacos集群

upstream myNacos{
                server 192.168.58.129:8850;
                server 192.168.58.129:8851;
                server 192.168.58.129:8852;
            }
            server {
                #请求的映射规则，/代表任意url
                location / {
                     proxy_pass http://myNacos;
                }
            }

七、nacos的开机自启

1、添加开机自启脚本文件

vim /lib/systemd/system/nacos.service：
            [Unit]
            Description=nacos
            After=network.target

            [Service]
            Type=forking
            ExecStart=/usr/local/nacos/bin/startup.sh -m standalone
            ExecReload=/usr/local/nacos/bin/shutdown.sh
            ExecStop=/usr/local/nacos/bin/shutdown.sh
            PrivateTmp=true

            [Install]
            WantedBy=multi-user.target

2、修改nacos的starup.sh

vim /usr/local/nacos/bin/startup.sh:
            [ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_191
            #[ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && JAVA_HOME=/usr/java
            #[ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && JAVA_HOME=/opt/taobao/java
            #[ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && unset JAVA_HOME

3、设置开机执行nacos.service

		systemctl daemon-reload
		systemctl start nacos.service
		systemctl status nacos.service
		systemctl enable nacos.service
		systemctl stop nacos.service