Linux之ansible模块使用大全（blockinfile,lineinfile,unarchive,archive,cron,user,group,yum_repository等）

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-12 22:58:57 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-06-12 22:58:57 发布
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分类专栏： RHCE 文章标签： 服务器 运维 linux ansible
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目录

1.blockinfile模块使用：在rhce上文件ansible.txt文件中写入内容 ansible

​然后使用blockinfile模块，在文件中插入内容 blockinfile insert content

然后插入内容 blockinfile with marker 且使用指定标记: marker=#{mark}test

在blockinfile insert content之前插入 insertbefore

在blockinfile insert content之后插入 insertafter

删除其中一行内容

2.lineinfile模块使用向node节点上文件 ansible.txt2文件如插入内容 lineinfile insert content

删除lineinfile insert content

重新插入lineinfile insert content 

在之前插入： insertbefore

在它之后插入: insertafter

插入：Hello ansible,Hiiii

文件中的"Hello ansible,Hiiii"替换成"Hiiii"(使用正则表达式和backrefs)

3.unarchive模块使用将node主机上的包解压

​将server主机上的包解压到node主机且设置权限为644

4.archive模块使用将node上的目录进行压缩

​5.cron模块在node上为student用户设置周一到周五早上的9:00输出闹钟到/root/alarm_cron

6.user模块创建用户

删除用户

7.group模块创建组

删除组

8.yum_repository设置两个软件仓库BaseOS和APPStream(本地yum源的配置)到文件my.repo

9.yum/dnf模块安装软件 lrzsz

10.service/systemd模块关闭防火墙

​重启防火墙

​禁用防火墙

​11.firewalld模块添加端口22, 添加服务 http

添加富规则：允许192.168.xxx.0/24来访问http的80端口

删除富规则

12.selinux模块设置selinux工作模式为permissive

13.nmcli模块在node上添加一块网卡，设置IP，gw, method, dns，type，和自动连接

14.get_url模块去梨视频找个视频下载下来

15.uri模块访问百度，并能获取到百度源码

16.parted模块新增一块儿1GB的磁盘

​然后对磁盘进行分区:  分区1： 400，分区2： 200M， 分区3：200M，且设置分区1和分区2类型为LVM  

​17.lvg模块：用上面parted建立的分区： 创建卷组

18.lvol模块：在上面卷组的基础上创建逻辑卷：500M

19.filesystem模块：为逻辑卷和分区3设置文件系统类型为 xfs

20.mount模块：为上面的逻辑卷和分区3进行挂载(分别使用mounted和present)

1.blockinfile模块使用：
在rhce上文件ansible.txt文件中写入内容 ansible


然后使用blockinfile模块，在文件中插入内容 blockinfile insert content

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m blockinfile -a "path=/root/ansible.txt block='blockinfile insert content' insertafter=EOF"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Block inserted"
}

然后插入内容 blockinfile with marker 且使用指定标记: marker=#{mark}test

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m blockinfile -a "path=/root/ansible.txt block='blockinfile with marker' marker=#{mark}test"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Block inserted"
}

在blockinfile insert content之前插入 insertbefore

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m blockinfile -a "path=/root/ansible.txt block='insertbefore' insertbefore='blockinfile insert content' marker='#{mark} test'"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Block inserted"
}

在blockinfile insert content之后插入 insertafter

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m blockinfile -a "path=/root/ansible.txt block='insertafter' insertafter='blockinfile insert content' marker='#{mark} test1'"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Block inserted"
}

删除其中一行内容

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m blockinfile -a "path=/root/ansible.txt block='insertafyer' insertafter='blockinfile insert content' marker='#{mark} test1' state=absent"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Block removed"
}

2.lineinfile模块使用
向node节点上文件 ansible.txt2文件如插入内容 lineinfile insert content

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m lineinfile -a "path=/root/ansible.txt2 line='lineinfile insert content' create=yes"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "backup": "",
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "line added"
}

删除lineinfile insert content

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m lineinfile -a "path=/root/ansible.txt2 line='lineinfile insert content' state=absent"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "backup": "",
    "changed": true,
    "found": 1,
    "msg": "1 line(s) removed"
}

重新插入lineinfile insert content 

在之前插入： insertbefore

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m lineinfile -a "path=/root/ansible.txt2 line='insertbefore' insertbefore='lineinfile insert content'"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "backup": "",
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "line added"
}

在它之后插入: insertafter

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m lineinfile -a "path=/root/ansible.txt2 line='insertafter' insertafter='lineinfile insert content'"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "backup": "",
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "line added"
}

插入：Hello ansible,Hiiii

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m lineinfile -a "path=/root/ansible.txt2 line='Hello ansible,Hiiii'"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "backup": "",
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "line added"
}

文件中的"Hello ansible,Hiiii"替换成"Hiiii"(使用正则表达式和backrefs)

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m lineinfile -a "path=/root/ansible.txt2 regexp='(H.{4}).*(H.{4})' line='Hiiii'"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "backup": "",
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "line replaced"
}

3.unarchive模块使用
将node主机上的包解压


将server主机上的包解压到node主机且设置权限为644

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m unarchive -a "src=/root/apr-1.6.5.tar.gz dest=/home/student mode=0644"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "dest": "/home/student",
    "extract_results": {
        "cmd": [
            "/bin/gtar",
            "--extract",
            "-C",
            "/home/student",
            "-z",
            "-f",
            "/home/student/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1659695531.3050132-5926-83183719667943/source"
        ],
        "err": "",
        "out": "",
        "rc": 0
    },
    "gid": 1112,
    "group": "student",
    "handler": "TgzArchive",
    "mode": "0664",
    "owner": "student",
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_dir_t:s0",
    "size": 270,
    "src": "/home/student/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1659695531.3050132-5926-83183719667943/source",
    "state": "directory",
    "uid": 1112
}

4.archive模块使用
将node上的目录进行压缩


5.cron模块
在node上为student用户设置周一到周五早上的9:00输出闹钟到/root/alarm_cron

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m cron -a "hour=9 minute=0 weekday=1-5 name="闹钟" job=/root/alarm_cron user=student"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "envs": [],
    "jobs": [
        "闹钟"
    ]
}

6.user模块
创建用户

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m user -a "name=li"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "comment": "",
    "create_home": true,
    "group": 1113,
    "home": "/home/li",
    "name": "li",
    "shell": "/bin/bash",
    "state": "present",
    "system": false,
    "uid": 1113
}

删除用户

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m user -a "name=li state=absent"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "force": false,
    "name": "li",
    "remove": false,
    "state": "absent"
}

7.group模块
创建组

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m group -a "name=li"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "gid": 1113,
    "name": "li",
    "state": "present",
    "system": false
}

删除组

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m group -a "name=li state=absent"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "name": "li",
    "state": "absent"
}

8.yum_repository
设置两个软件仓库BaseOS和APPStream(本地yum源的配置)到文件my.repo

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m yum_repository -a "name=BaseOS baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/BaseOS gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 file=my.repo description=BaseOS"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "repo": "BaseOS",
    "state": "present"
}

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m yum_repository -a "name=APPStream baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/AppStream gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 file=my.repo description=APPStream"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "repo": "APPStream",
    "state": "present"
}

9.yum/dnf模块
安装软件 lrzsz

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m yum -a "name=lrzsz"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "",
    "rc": 0,
    "results": [
        "Installed: lrzsz-0.12.20-43.el8.x86_64"
    ]
}

10.service/systemd模块
关闭防火墙


重启防火墙


禁用防火墙


11.firewalld模块
添加端口22, 添加服务 http

rhce | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "msg": "Permanent and Non-Permanent(immediate) operation"
}
[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m firewalld -a 'port=22/tcp permanent=true immediate=true state=enabled'
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Permanent and Non-Permanent(immediate) operation, Changed port 22/tcp to enabled"
}

添加富规则：允许192.168.xxx.0/24来访问http的80端口

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m firewalld -a 'rich_rule="rule family=ipv4 source address=192.168.40.0/24 service name=http accept" permanent=true immediate=true state=enabled'
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Permanent and Non-Permanent(immediate) operation, Changed rich_rule rule family=ipv4 source address=192.168.40.0/24 service name=http accept to enabled"
}

删除富规则

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m firewalld -a 'rich_rule="rule family=ipv4 source address=192.168.40.0/24 service name=http accept" state=disabled'
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Non-permanent operation, Changed rich_rule rule family=ipv4 source address=192.168.40.0/24 service name=http accept to disabled"
}

12.selinux模块
设置selinux工作模式为permissive

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m selinux -a "state=permissive policy=targeted"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "configfile": "/etc/selinux/config",
    "msg": "SELinux state changed from 'enforcing' to 'permissive', Config SELinux state changed from 'enforcing' to 'permissive'",
    "policy": "targeted",
    "reboot_required": false,
    "state": "permissive"
}

13.nmcli模块
在node上添加一块网卡，设置IP，gw, method, dns，type，和自动连接

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m nmcli -a "conn_name=ens666 ip4=192.168.40.140/24 gw4=192.168.40.1 dns4=114.114.114.114 type=ethernet state=present"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "Exists": "Connections do exist so we are modifying them",
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "conn_name": "ens666",
    "state": "present"
}

14.get_url模块
去梨视频找个视频下载下来

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m get_url -a "url=https://video.pearvideo.com/mp4/adshort/20180504/cont-1337568-12007359_adpkg-ad_hd.mp4 dest=/root"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "checksum_dest": null,
    "checksum_src": "c8c67c158b16ce84172273cc14dcc1c9f9403ef8",
    "dest": "/root/cont-1337568-12007359_adpkg-ad_hd.mp4",
    "elapsed": 7,
    "gid": 0,
    "group": "root",
    "md5sum": "dee2f423b48d0ce9d6e8ca6f6e78e443",
    "mode": "0644",
    "msg": "OK (11510845 bytes)",
    "owner": "root",
    "secontext": "system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
    "size": 11510845,
    "src": "/home/student/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1659700195.5528436-7695-163031912329044/tmpmcmvn8m5",
    "state": "file",
    "status_code": 200,
    "uid": 0,
    "url": "https://video.pearvideo.com/mp4/adshort/20180504/cont-1337568-12007359_adpkg-ad_hd.mp4"
}

15.uri模块
访问百度，并能获取到百度源码

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m uri -a "url=https://www.baidu.com"
rhce | SUCCESS => {
    "accept_ranges": "bytes",
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "cache_control": "no-cache",
    "changed": false,
    "connection": "close",
    "content_length": "227",
    "content_type": "text/html",
    "cookies": {
        "BAIDUID": "DF867D0B7155041007B51368264CE9AB:FG=1",
        "BD_NOT_HTTPS": "1",
        "BIDUPSID": "DF867D0B715504104B9BE896590DAD78",
        "PSTM": "1659700306"
    },
    "cookies_string": "BAIDUID=DF867D0B7155041007B51368264CE9AB:FG=1; BIDUPSID=DF867D0B715504104B9BE896590DAD78; PSTM=1659700306; BD_NOT_HTTPS=1",
    "date": "Fri, 05 Aug 2022 11:51:46 GMT",
    "elapsed": 0,
    "msg": "OK (227 bytes)",
    "p3p": "CP=\" OTI DSP COR IVA OUR IND COM \", CP=\" OTI DSP COR IVA OUR IND COM \"",
    "pragma": "no-cache",
    "redirected": false,
    "server": "BWS/1.1",
    "set_cookie": "BD_NOT_HTTPS=1; path=/; Max-Age=300, BIDUPSID=DF867D0B715504104B9BE896590DAD78; expires=Thu, 31-Dec-37 23:55:55 GMT; max-age=2147483647; path=/; domain=.baidu.com, PSTM=1659700306; expires=Thu, 31-Dec-37 23:55:55 GMT; max-age=2147483647; path=/; domain=.baidu.com, BAIDUID=DF867D0B7155041007B51368264CE9AB:FG=1; max-age=31536000; expires=Sat, 05-Aug-23 11:51:46 GMT; domain=.baidu.com; path=/; version=1; comment=bd",
    "status": 200,
    "strict_transport_security": "max-age=0",
    "traceid": "1659700306025489869811720199910870649460",
    "url": "https://www.baidu.com",
    "x_frame_options": "sameorigin",
    "x_ua_compatible": "IE=Edge,chrome=1"
}

16.parted模块
新增一块儿1GB的磁盘


然后对磁盘进行分区:  分区1： 400，分区2： 200M， 分区3：200M，且设置分区1和分区2类型为LVM  

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m parted -a "device=/dev/nvme0n3 number=1 part_end=400MB state=present flags=lvm"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "disk": {
        "dev": "/dev/nvme0n3",
        "logical_block": 512,
        "model": "NVMe Device",
        "physical_block": 512,
        "size": 1048576.0,
        "table": "msdos",
        "unit": "kib"
    },
    "partitions": [
        {
            "begin": 1024.0,
            "end": 390144.0,
            "flags": [
                "lvm"
            ],
            "fstype": "",
            "name": "",
            "num": 1,
            "size": 389120.0,
            "unit": "kib"
        }
    ],
    "script": "unit KiB mklabel msdos mkpart primary 0% 400MB unit KiB set 1 lvm on"
}

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m parted -a "device=/dev/nvme0n3 number=2 part_start=400MB part_end=600MB state=present flags=lvm"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "disk": {
        "dev": "/dev/nvme0n3",
        "logical_block": 512,
        "model": "NVMe Device",
        "physical_block": 512,
        "size": 1048576.0,
        "table": "msdos",
        "unit": "kib"
    },
    "partitions": [
        {
            "begin": 1024.0,
            "end": 390144.0,
            "flags": [
                "lvm"
            ],
            "fstype": "",
            "name": "",
            "num": 1,
            "size": 389120.0,
            "unit": "kib"
        },
        {
            "begin": 390144.0,
            "end": 585728.0,
            "flags": [
                "lvm"
            ],
            "fstype": "",
            "name": "",
            "num": 2,
            "size": 195584.0,
            "unit": "kib"
        }
    ],
    "script": "unit KiB mkpart primary 400MB 600MB unit KiB set 2 lvm on"
}

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m parted -a "device=/dev/nvme0n3 number=3 part_start=600MB part_end=800MB state=present"
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "disk": {
        "dev": "/dev/nvme0n3",
        "logical_block": 512,
        "model": "NVMe Device",
        "physical_block": 512,
        "size": 1048576.0,
        "table": "msdos",
        "unit": "kib"
    },
    "partitions": [
        {
            "begin": 1024.0,
            "end": 390144.0,
            "flags": [
                "lvm"
            ],
            "fstype": "",
            "name": "",
            "num": 1,
            "size": 389120.0,
            "unit": "kib"
        },
        {
            "begin": 390144.0,
            "end": 585728.0,
            "flags": [
                "lvm"
            ],
            "fstype": "",
            "name": "",
            "num": 2,
            "size": 195584.0,
            "unit": "kib"
        },
        {
            "begin": 585728.0,
            "end": 781312.0,
            "flags": [],
            "fstype": "",
            "name": "",
            "num": 3,
            "size": 195584.0,
            "unit": "kib"
        }
    ],
    "script": "unit KiB mkpart primary 600MB 800MB"
}

 17.lvg模块：用上面parted建立的分区： 创建卷组

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m lvg -a 'pvs=/dev/nvme0n3p1 vg=myvg1'
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true
}

18.lvol模块：在上面卷组的基础上创建逻辑卷：500M

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m lvol -a 'vg=myvg1 lv=lv1 size=500'
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": ""
}

19.filesystem模块：为逻辑卷和分区3设置文件系统类型为 xfs

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m filesystem -a 'dev=/dev/myvg1/lv1 fstype=xfs force=yes'
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true
}

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m filesystem -a 'dev=/dev/nvme0n3p3 fstype=xfs force=yes'
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true
}

20.mount模块：
为上面的逻辑卷和分区3进行挂载(分别使用mounted和present)

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m mount -a "path=/mnt/test fstype=xfs src=/dev/myvg1 state=present" 
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "backup_file": "",
    "boot": "yes",
    "changed": true,
    "dump": "0",
    "fstab": "/etc/fstab",
    "fstype": "xfs",
    "name": "/mnt/test",
    "opts": "defaults",
    "passno": "0",
    "src": "/dev/myvg1"
}

[root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhce -m mount -a "path=/mnt/test1 fstype=xfs src=/dev/nvme0n3p3 state=present" 
rhce | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "backup_file": "",
    "boot": "yes",
    "changed": true,
    "dump": "0",
    "fstab": "/etc/fstab",
    "fstype": "xfs",
    "name": "/mnt/test1",
    "opts": "defaults",
    "passno": "0",
    "src": "/dev/nvme0n3p3"
}
Gur.
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