目录
一、什么是关联关系?
关联关系是指类之间的引用关系,如果类A与类B关联,那么类A将被定义成类B的属性。
关联关系的分类:
关联关系的分类:一对一,一对多,多对一,多对多
一对多:一本书对应多种书本类型,例如:西游记 -> 神话、古典、名著
多对一:一种书本类型对应多本数,例如:神话 -> 西游记、山海经、聊斋志异
多对多:永远视为两个一对多
一个人负责多个项目开发,例如:张三负责 A B C
一个项目由多个人来开发,例如:A项目由张三、李四、王五来开发
二、关联关系示例
实现步骤:
1.将数据表导入数据库中
2.通过mybatis-generator插件生成实体类、mapper、model
1)配置mybatis-generator插件生成文件位置
2)修改generatorConfig.xml配置文件的生成目录(mapper和model)及对应生成关系
3.修改Customer、Order实体类
1)实现序列化接口
2)建立实体映射关联关系(一对多、多对一)
#一对多:一个客户对应多个订单
private List<Order> orders=new ArrayList<Order>();
#多对一:多个订单对应一个客户(一个订单对应一个客户)
private Customer customer;
1、一对一
例如:就像一个中国公民只对应一张身份证,一张身份证也只对应一个中国公民
2、一对多、多对一
例如:一个客户可以对应多个商品订单,而多个商品订单也可以对应一个客户。
1、我们可以新建一张t_customer(客户表)和一张t_order(订单表)来进行举例。
t_customer(客户表)
t_order(订单表)
2、通过mybatis-generator插件生成实体类、mapper、model
实体类
Order
package com.zking.ssm.book.model;
/**
* 建立实体层面的关联关系
* 多对一:多个订单对一一个客户,(一个订单对应一个客户)
*/
public class Order {
private Integer orderId;
private String orderNo;
private Integer cid;
//关联关系是指类之间的引用关系,如果类A与类B关联,那么类A将被定义成类B的属性。
//A:订单(order) B:客户(customer)
//多对一
private Customer customer;
public Customer getCustomer() {
return customer;
}
public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
this.customer = customer;
}
public Order(Integer orderId, String orderNo, Integer cid) {
this.orderId = orderId;
this.orderNo = orderNo;
this.cid = cid;
}
public Order() {
super();
}
public Integer getOrderId() {
return orderId;
}
public void setOrderId(Integer orderId) {
this.orderId = orderId;
}
public String getOrderNo() {
return orderNo;
}
public void setOrderNo(String orderNo) {
this.orderNo = orderNo;
}
public Integer getCid() {
return cid;
}
public void setCid(Integer cid) {
this.cid = cid;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Order{" +
"orderId=" + orderId +
", orderNo='" + orderNo + '\'' +
", cid=" + cid +
", customer=" + customer +
'}';
}
}
Customer
package com.zking.ssm.book.model;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 建立实体层面的关联关系
* 一对多:一个客户(customer)对应多个订单(order)
*/
public class Customer {
private Integer customerId;
private String customerName;
//关联关系是指类之间的引用关系,如果类A与类B关联,那么类A将被定义成类B的属性。
//A:订单(order) B:客户(customer)
//一对多
private List<Order> oders=new ArrayList<>();
public List<Order> getOders() {
return oders;
}
public void setOders(List<Order> oders) {
this.oders = oders;
}
public Customer(Integer customerId, String customerName) {
this.customerId = customerId;
this.customerName = customerName;
}
public Customer() {
super();
}
public Integer getCustomerId() {
return customerId;
}
public void setCustomerId(Integer customerId) {
this.customerId = customerId;
}
public String getCustomerName() {
return customerName;
}
public void setCustomerName(String customerName) {
this.customerName = customerName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Customer{" +
"customerId=" + customerId +
", customerName='" + customerName + '\'' +
", oders=" + oders +
'}';
}
}
mapper接口
order的mapper接口
package com.zking.ssm.book.mapper;
import com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer;
import com.zking.ssm.book.model.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public interface OrderMapper {
Order queryoderById(Integer orderId);
}
Customer的mapper接口
package com.zking.ssm.book.mapper;
import com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
@Repository
public interface CustomerMapper {
List<Customer> querycustomer();
}
对应的接口方法mapper.xml
orderMapper.xml
多对一
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.zking.ssm.book.mapper.OrderMapper" >
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Order" >
<constructor >
<idArg column="order_id" jdbcType="INTEGER" javaType="java.lang.Integer" />
<arg column="order_no" jdbcType="VARCHAR" javaType="java.lang.String" />
<arg column="cid" jdbcType="INTEGER" javaType="java.lang.Integer" />
</constructor>
</resultMap>
<resultMap id="ManyToOne" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Order">
<id property="orderId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="order_id"/>
<result property="orderNo" javaType="java.lang.String" column="order_no"/>
<result property="cid" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="cid"/>
<association property="customer" javaType="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer">
<id property="customerId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="customer_id"/>
<result property="customerName" javaType="java.lang.String" column="customer_name"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
<sql id="Base_Column_List" >
order_id, order_no, cid
</sql>
<select id="queryoderById" resultMap="ManyToOne">
select
*
from t_customer c
inner join t_order o
on c.customer_id=o.cid
where o.order_id=#{orderId}
</select>
</mapper>
CustomerMapper.xml
一对多
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.zking.ssm.book.mapper.CustomerMapper" >
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer" >
<constructor >
<idArg column="customer_id" jdbcType="INTEGER" javaType="java.lang.Integer" />
<arg column="customer_name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" javaType="java.lang.String" />
</constructor>
</resultMap>
<resultMap id="oneToMany" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer">
<id property="customerId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="customer_id"/>
<result property="customerName" javaType="java.lang.String" column="customer_name" />
<collection property="oders" ofType="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Order">
<id property="orderId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="order_id"/>
<result property="cid" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="cid"/>
<result property="orderNo" javaType="java.lang.String" column="order_no"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<sql id="Base_Column_List" >
customer_id, customer_name
</sql>
<select id="querycustomer" resultMap="oneToMany">
select
*
from t_customer c left join t_order o
on c.customer_id=o.cid
</select>
</mapper>
测试类Test
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring.xml"})
public class OrderServiceImplTest{
@Autowired
private IOrderService iOrderService;
@Test
public void queryOrderId() {
Order order = iOrderService.queryOrderId(3);
System.out.println(order);
}
}
运行结果
多对一的关系,多个订单对应一个客户
Order{orderId=3, orderNo='P03', cid=null, customer=Customer{customerId=1, customerName='zs', orders=null}}
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring.xml"})
public class CustomerServiceImplTest{
@Autowired
private ICustomerService iCustomerService;
@Test
public void queryOrders() {
List<Customer> orders = iCustomerService.queryOrders();
orders.forEach(System.out::println);
}
}
一对多的关系,一个客户对应多个订单
Customer{customerId=1, customerName='zs', orders=[Order{orderId=1, orderNo='P01', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=2, orderNo='P02', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=3, orderNo='P03', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=4, orderNo='P04', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=5, orderNo='P05', cid=null, customer=null}]}
Customer{customerId=2, customerName='ls', orders=[Order{orderId=6, orderNo='P06', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=7, orderNo='P07', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=8, orderNo='P08', cid=null, customer=null}]}
Customer{customerId=3, customerName='ww', orders=[Order{orderId=9, orderNo='P09', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=10, orderNo='P10', cid=null, customer=null}]}
Customer{customerId=4, customerName='xm', orders=[]}
3、多对多
多对多关系是关系数据库中两个表之间的一种关系, 该关系中第一个表中的一个行可以与第二个表中的一个或多个行相关。第二个表中的一个行也可以与第一个表中的一个或多个行相。
举例:我们以以下三张表来示例
t_news(新闻)
t_category(新闻类型)
t_news_category(连接表)
t_news
t_category
t_news_category
创建相应的实体类对象、mapper层接口和mapper文件
News
public class News {
private Integer newsId;
private String title;
private List<Category> categoryList;
public List<Category> getCategoryList() {
return categoryList;
}
public void setCategoryList(List<Category> categoryList) {
this.categoryList = categoryList;
}
public News(Integer newsId, String title) {
this.newsId = newsId;
this.title = title;
}
public News() {
super();
}
public Integer getNewsId() {
return newsId;
}
public void setNewsId(Integer newsId) {
this.newsId = newsId;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "News{" +
"newsId=" + newsId +
", title='" + title + '\'' +
", categoryList=" + categoryList +
'}';
}
}
Category
public class Category {
private Integer categoryId;
private String categoryName;
private List<News> newsList;
public List<News> getNewsList() {
return newsList;
}
public void setNewsList(List<News> newsList) {
this.newsList = newsList;
}
public Category(Integer categoryId, String categoryName) {
this.categoryId = categoryId;
this.categoryName = categoryName;
}
public Category() {
super();
}
public Integer getCategoryId() {
return categoryId;
}
public void setCategoryId(Integer categoryId) {
this.categoryId = categoryId;
}
public String getCategoryName() {
return categoryName;
}
public void setCategoryName(String categoryName) {
this.categoryName = categoryName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Category{" +
"categoryId=" + categoryId +
", categoryName='" + categoryName + '\'' +
", newsList=" + newsList +
'}';
}
}
News_Category
public class News_Category {
private Integer id;
private Integer nid;
private Integer cid;
private News news;
private Category category;
public News getNews() {
return news;
}
public void setNews(News news) {
this.news = news;
}
public Category getCategory() {
return category;
}
public void setCategory(Category category) {
this.category = category;
}
public News_Category(Integer id, Integer nid, Integer cid) {
this.id = id;
this.nid = nid;
this.cid = cid;
}
public News_Category() {
super();
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getNid() {
return nid;
}
public void setNid(Integer nid) {
this.nid = nid;
}
public Integer getCid() {
return cid;
}
public void setCid(Integer cid) {
this.cid = cid;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "News_Category{" +
"id=" + id +
", nid=" + nid +
", cid=" + cid +
", news=" + news +
", category=" + category +
'}';
}
}
mapper层接口
News_CategoryMapper
@Repository
public interface News_CategoryMapper {
//根据新闻id查询
List<News_Category> queryNewsToMany(Integer newsId);
//根据类型id查询
List<News_Category> queryCategoryToMany(Integer categoryId);
mapper文件
News_CategoryMapper.xml
<resultMap id="ManyToMany" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.News_Category">
<id property="id" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="id"/>
<result property="nid" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="nid"/>
<result property="cid" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="cid"/>
<association property="news" javaType="com.zking.ssm.book.model.News">
<id property="newsId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="category_Id"/>
<result property="title" javaType="java.lang.String" column="title"/>
</association>
<association property="category" javaType="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Category">
<id property="categoryId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="category_Id"/>
<result property="categoryName" javaType="java.lang.String" column="category_Name"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
<select id="queryNewsToMany" resultMap="ManyToMany">
select
*
from
t_news_category nc left join t_news n on nc.nid=n.news_id
left join t_category c on nc.cid =c.category_id where n.news_id=#{value}
</select>
<select id="queryCategoryToMany" resultMap="ManyToMany">
select
*
from
t_news_category nc left join t_news n on nc.nid=n.news_id
left join t_category c on nc.cid =c.category_id where c.category_id=#{value}
</select>
Test测试
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring.xml"})
public class News_CategoryServiceImplTest{
@Autowired
private INews_CategoryService iNews_categoryService;
@Test
public void queryNewsToMany() {
List<News_Category> news = iNews_categoryService.queryNewsToMany(1);
news.forEach(System.out::println);
}
@Test
public void queryCategoryToMany() {
List<News_Category> categorys = iNews_categoryService.queryCategoryToMany(1);
categorys.forEach(System.out::println);
}
}
结果:
News_Category{id=1, nid=1, cid=1, news=News{newsId=1, title='110', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=1, categoryName='焦点', newsList=[News{newsId=1, title='110', categoryList=null}]}}
News_Category{id=2, nid=1, cid=2, news=News{newsId=2, title='110', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=2, categoryName='国际', newsList=[News{newsId=2, title='110', categoryList=null}]}}
News_Category{id=1, nid=1, cid=1, news=News{newsId=1, title='110', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=1, categoryName='焦点', newsList=null}}
News_Category{id=3, nid=2, cid=1, news=News{newsId=1, title='111', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=1, categoryName='焦点', newsList=null}}
News_Category{id=5, nid=3, cid=1, news=News{newsId=1, title='112', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=1, categoryName='焦点', newsList=null}}
News_Category{id=8, nid=4, cid=1, news=News{newsId=1, title='113', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=1, categoryName='焦点', newsList=null}}
以上仅供参考,若有意见,私信作者大大~