JAVA--线程同步的三种方法

一、使用synchronized实现同步代码块

格式：

        synchronized (对象 ){

        // 需要被同步的代码；

        }

实例：

class MyThread4 implements Runnable{
    private int ticket=100;
    Integer key=new Integer(10086);
        @Override
        public void run() {
            while(true){
                synchronized(key){
                    if(ticket>0){
                        try {
                            Thread.sleep(100);
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+ticket);
                        ticket--;

                    }
                    else
                        break;
                }
                }


    }



}
public class ThreadTest4 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread4 myThread4 = new MyThread4();
        Thread th1 = new Thread(myThread4);
        Thread th2 = new Thread(myThread4);
        Thread th3 = new Thread(myThread4);

        th1.start();
        th2.start();
        th3.start();
    }
}

二、使用synchronized实现同步方法

格式：

        public synchronized void show (String name){

        ….

        }

实例：

class MyThread5 implements Runnable{
    private int ticket=100;
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            show();
            if(ticket<=0)
                break;
        }

    }

    private synchronized void show() {
        if(ticket>0){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+ticket);
            ticket--;
            try {
                Thread.sleep(100);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }
}
public class ThreadTest5 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread5 myt = new MyThread5();
        Thread th1=new Thread(myt);
        Thread th2=new Thread(myt);
        Thread th3=new Thread(myt);

        th1.start();
        th2.start();
        th3.start();

    }
}

注意：

1、使用synchronized关键字实现多线程同步的关键是保证其中synchronized(对象）中对象的一致；

2、其中同步方法中无static修饰的对象是当前对象本身（this)，有static修饰的是类本身；

三、使用Loct手动实现同步

格式：

class A{

         private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReenTrantLock();

        public void m(){

        lock.lock();

        try{

        //保证线程安全的代码 ;

        }

        finally{

                lock.unlock();

                }

        }

}

实例：

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

class MyThread10 implements Runnable{
    private int ticket=100;
    private ReentrantLock lock=new ReentrantLock();
    @Override
    public void run() {

        while(true){
            try {
                lock.lock();
                if (ticket > 0) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + "售出第" + show()+ "张票成功");
                    ticket--;
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(100);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                } else
                    break;
            } finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }

        }

        }

    private int show(){
        return 101-ticket;
    }
}
public class ThreadTest10 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread10 meh=new MyThread10();
        Thread th1=new Thread(meh);
        Thread th2=new Thread(meh);
        Thread th3=new Thread(meh);

        th1.setName("窗口一");
        th2.setName("窗口二");
        th3.setName("窗口三");

        th1.start();
        th2.start();
        th3.start();
    }
}