1、什么是Redis
Redis(Remote Dictionary Server ),即远程字典服务,是一个开源的使用ANSIC语言编写、支持网络、可基于内存亦可持久化的日志型、Key-Value数据库,并提供多种语言的API。
可以理解成一个大容量的map。
2、Redis的作用
可以做为数据库存储数据,也可以用来做缓存、计数器、分布式锁等。实际工作中很少用它做数据库。
3、Redis有以下这五种基本类型
-
string:字符串数据类型
-
hash:类似于对象,map的形式
-
list:表示一种线性数据结构,队列或栈
-
set:无序不可重复集合
-
zset:有序不可重复集合
另外还有三种数据类型,都不是很常用。Geospatial、Bitmap、Hyperloglog
redis可以操作位(bit),但是工作中几乎不用。
4、安装redis
基于docker的安装
4.1、查询镜像文件
#可不操作:
docker search redis
4.2、拉取镜像文件
docker pull redis:6.2.6
4.3、启动redis并设置密码
docker run -d --name redis-6379 -p 6379:6379 redis:6.2.6 --requirepass 123456
requirepass:设置密码
【工作时:】启动redis注意事项:
-
密码一定要设置,复杂一点
-
端口映射,redis一定不能用默认端口,用默认端口一定会被攻击
4.3.1、修改redis密码
# 1/进入redis容器
docker exec -it redis-6379 /bin/bash
# 2/找到redis-cli可执行文件
cd /usr/local/bin
# 3/执行redis-cli
redis-cli
# 4/查看密码
config get requirepass
# 5/授权
auth 密码
# 6/修改密码
config set requirepass 新密码
第一步骤:进入redis容器
第二步骤:找到redis-cli可执行文件
第三步骤:执行redis-cli
第四步骤:查看密码(显示没有授权)
第五步骤:授权
第六步骤:修改密码(最好还是使用123456,后面整合的时候,容易忘记。)
第七步骤:退出容器
4.3.2、删除密码(坚决不推荐)
config set requirepass ''
5、SpringBoot整合
1、添加maven依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.jsoft</groupId>
<artifactId>demo-redis</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.6.13</version>
</parent>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<spring-boot.version>2.6.13</spring-boot.version>
<jwt.version>0.7.0</jwt.version>
<fastjson.version>1.2.60</fastjson.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--json-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>${fastjson.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<classifier>exec</classifier>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
-------------------------------------------------如下:-----------------------------
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
2、添加redis配置
spring:
redis:
host: 192.168.2.102
port: 6379
password: 123456
3、添加redisconfig
package org.jsoft.demo.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
/**
* @author szsw
* @date 2024/4/9 14:48:18
*/
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
/**
* 配置 RedisTemplate<String, Object>
* 设置了键和值的序列化方式,键用字符串序列化,值用JSON序列化
*
* @return RedisTemplate
*/
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer valueSerializer = new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer();
StringRedisSerializer keySerialize = new StringRedisSerializer();
RedisTemplate<String, Object> result = new RedisTemplate<>();
result.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
result.setKeySerializer(keySerialize);
result.setValueSerializer(valueSerializer);
result.setHashKeySerializer(keySerialize);
result.setHashValueSerializer(valueSerializer);
return result;
}
}
4、测试代码
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.jsoft.demo.vo.User;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import java.util.Set;
@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest(classes = DemoHelloworldApplication.class)
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class RedisTest {
private static final String KEY = "test:commonKey";
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
/**
* 测试两个通用方法
*/
@Test
public void testCommon() {
testCommon(KEY);
}
public void testCommon(String key) {
boolean hasKey = redisTemplate.hasKey(key); //hasKey(key);
log.info("hasKey {}", hasKey);
boolean delete = redisTemplate.delete(key); //delete(key);
log.info("delete {}", delete);
}
public void delete(String key) {
boolean delete = redisTemplate.delete(key);
}
/**
* - string:字符串数据类型
*/
@Test
public void testString() {
String key = "test:string";
String key2 = "test:increment";
String key3 = "test:object";
delete(key);
delete(key2);
delete(key3);
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, "zhangsan"); // set(key, "zhangsan");
Object value = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key); // get(key);
log.info("value {}", value);
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, "lisi");
value = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
log.info("value {}", value);
testCommon(key);
boolean hasKey = redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
log.info("hasKey {}", hasKey);
redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key2, 10);// increment(key2, 10);计数器
value = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key2);
log.info("value {}", value);
redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key2); // increment(key2); 涨1;increment(key2,10);涨10
value = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key2);
log.info("value {}", value);
User user = new User();
user.setName("zhangsan");
user.setPassword("123456");
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key3, user);
value = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key3);
log.info("value {}", value);
}
/**
* - hash:类似于对象,map的形式
*/
@Test
public void testHash() {
String key = "test:hash";
redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, "name", "zhangsan");
redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, "age", 12);
Object name = redisTemplate.opsForHash().get(key, "name");
Object age = redisTemplate.opsForHash().get(key, "age");
log.info("name {}", name);
log.info("age {}", age);
}
/**
* - list:表示一种线性数据结构,队列或栈
*/
@Test
public void testList() {
String key = "test:list";
log.info("----------------------- {}", "模拟队列");
/*模拟队列*/
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush(key, i);
}
long listSize = redisTemplate.opsForList().size(key);
log.info("listSize {}", listSize);
for (int i = 0; i < listSize; i++) {
log.info("test:list {}", redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPop(key));
}
listSize = redisTemplate.opsForList().size(key);
log.info("listSize {}", listSize);
log.info("----------------------- {}", "模拟栈");
/*模拟栈*/
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush(key, i);
}
listSize = redisTemplate.opsForList().size(key);
log.info("listSize {}", listSize);
for (int i = 0; i < listSize; i++) {
log.info("test:list {}", redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPop(key));
}
listSize = redisTemplate.opsForList().size(key);
log.info("listSize {}", listSize);
}
/**
* - set:无序不可重复集合
*/
@Test
public void testSet() {
String key = "test:set";
redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(key, "zhangsan", "lisi", "wangwu", 12, 22, 32, "wangwu", 12, "12");
long listSize = redisTemplate.opsForSet().size(key);
log.info("listSize {}", listSize);
for (int i = 0; i < listSize; i++) {
log.info("test:set {}", redisTemplate.opsForSet().pop(key));
}
listSize = redisTemplate.opsForSet().size(key);
log.info("listSize {}", listSize);
}
/**
* - zset:有序不可重复集合
*/
@Test
public void testZset() {
String key = "test:zset";
redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add(key, "zhangsan", 12);
redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add(key, "lisi", 22);
redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add(key, "wangwu", 32);
redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add(key, "wangwu1", 121);
redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add(key, "wangwu2", 122);
redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add(key, "wangwu3", 123);
redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add(key, "wangwu4", 124);
redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add(key, "wangwu5", 125);
redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add(key, "wangwu6", 126);
Long zCard = redisTemplate.opsForZSet().zCard(key);//
long listSize = redisTemplate.opsForZSet().size(key);
log.info("zCard {}", zCard);
log.info("listSize {}", listSize);
// for (int i = 0; i < listSize; i++) {
// log.info("test:set {}", redisTemplate.opsForZSet().popMax(key));
// }
listSize = redisTemplate.opsForZSet().size(key);
log.info("listSize {}", listSize);
log.info("----------------------- {}", "华丽的分割线");
Set<Object> range = redisTemplate.opsForZSet().range(key, 1, 3);
for (Object o : range) {
log.info("range {}", o);
}
listSize = redisTemplate.opsForZSet().size(key);
log.info("listSize {}", listSize);
}
}