242 基于AVR单片机的汽车空调控制系统设计

摘要： AVR单片机功能强大，用AVR单片机开发各种控制系统只需很少的外部器件就可以实现强大的功能。本文介绍的就是利用Atmega16、CodeVisionAVR C开发环境、Proteus仿真软件开发汽车空调自动控制系统。

关键字：AVR单片机、空调自动控制、CodeVisionAVR C、Proteus仿真

前言
Atmega16是美国ATMEL公司的高档8位单片机，采用Flash存储器，可以擦写10000次以上、内部集成、四通道PWM、集成8路10位精度ADC、片内经过标定的RC振荡器、采用精简指令集，具有32个通用工作寄存器，具有只需两个时钟周期的硬件乘法器，运算速度快等。由于其集成度高、处理速度快，使得利用AVR单片机进行系统开发只需很少（甚至没有）的外部器件即可实现强大的功能，逐渐在各种场合得到广泛应用，取代其它8位单片机。利用它来开发汽车空调控制系统，只需热电阻、液晶显示模块和一些继电器及其驱动芯片即可实现。

工作原理
本系统可以分为五大部分：热电阻温度采集、运行状态显示、继电器控制、键盘输入、风向步进电机控制。

完整版 电路图和程序代码 下载地址

https://pan.baidu.com/s/1iuPVjC2RCGeAKehDXV0LVg?pwd=8888

部分代码展示

;Chip type              : ATmega16L
;Program type           : Application
;Clock frequency        : 8.000000 MHz
;Memory model           : Small
;Optimize for           : Size
;(s)printf features     : int, width
;(s)scanf features      : int, width
;External SRAM size     : 0
;Data Stack size        : 256 byte(s)
;Heap size              : 0 byte(s)
;Promote char to int    : No
;char is unsigned       : Yes
;8 bit enums            : Yes
;Word align FLASH struct: No
;Enhanced core instructions    : On
;Automatic register allocation : On

	.EQU UDRE=0x5
	.EQU RXC=0x7
	.EQU USR=0xB
	.EQU UDR=0xC
	.EQU SPSR=0xE
	.EQU SPDR=0xF
	.EQU EERE=0x0
	.EQU EEWE=0x1
	.EQU EEMWE=0x2
	.EQU EECR=0x1C
	.EQU EEDR=0x1D
	.EQU EEARL=0x1E
	.EQU EEARH=0x1F
	.EQU WDTCR=0x21
	.EQU MCUCR=0x35
	.EQU GICR=0x3B
	.EQU SPL=0x3D
	.EQU SPH=0x3E
	.EQU SREG=0x3F

	.DEF R0X0=R0
	.DEF R0X1=R1
	.DEF R0X2=R2
	.DEF R0X3=R3
	.DEF R0X4=R4
	.DEF R0X5=R5
	.DEF R0X6=R6
	.DEF R0X7=R7
	.DEF R0X8=R8
	.DEF R0X9=R9
	.DEF R0XA=R10
	.DEF R0XB=R11
	.DEF R0XC=R12
	.DEF R0XD=R13
	.DEF R0XE=R14
	.DEF R0XF=R15
	.DEF R0X10=R16
	.DEF R0X11=R17
	.DEF R0X12=R18
	.DEF R0X13=R19
	.DEF R0X14=R20
	.DEF R0X15=R21
	.DEF R0X16=R22
	.DEF R0X17=R23
	.DEF R0X18=R24
	.DEF R0X19=R25
	.DEF R0X1A=R26
	.DEF R0X1B=R27
	.DEF R0X1C=R28
	.DEF R0X1D=R29
	.DEF R0X1E=R30
	.DEF R0X1F=R31

	.EQU __se_bit=0x40
	.EQU __sm_mask=0xB0
	.EQU __sm_adc_noise_red=0x10
	.EQU __sm_powerdown=0x20
	.EQU __sm_powersave=0x30
	.EQU __sm_standby=0xA0
	.EQU __sm_ext_standby=0xB0

	.MACRO __CPD1N
	CPI  R30,LOW(@0)
	LDI  R26,HIGH(@0)
	CPC  R31,R26
	LDI  R26,BYTE3(@0)
	CPC  R22,R26
	LDI  R26,BYTE4(@0)
	CPC  R23,R26
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __CPD2N
	CPI  R26,LOW(@0)
	LDI  R30,HIGH(@0)
	CPC  R27,R30
	LDI  R30,BYTE3(@0)
	CPC  R24,R30
	LDI  R30,BYTE4(@0)
	CPC  R25,R30
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __CPWRR
	CP   R@0,R@2
	CPC  R@1,R@3
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __CPWRN
	CPI  R@0,LOW(@2)
	LDI  R30,HIGH(@2)
	CPC  R@1,R30
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __ADDD1N
	SUBI R30,LOW(-@0)
	SBCI R31,HIGH(-@0)
	SBCI R22,BYTE3(-@0)
	SBCI R23,BYTE4(-@0)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __ADDD2N
	SUBI R26,LOW(-@0)
	SBCI R27,HIGH(-@0)
	SBCI R24,BYTE3(-@0)
	SBCI R25,BYTE4(-@0)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __SUBD1N
	SUBI R30,LOW(@0)
	SBCI R31,HIGH(@0)
	SBCI R22,BYTE3(@0)
	SBCI R23,BYTE4(@0)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __SUBD2N
	SUBI R26,LOW(@0)
	SBCI R27,HIGH(@0)
	SBCI R24,BYTE3(@0)
	SBCI R25,BYTE4(@0)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __ANDD1N
	ANDI R30,LOW(@0)
	ANDI R31,HIGH(@0)
	ANDI R22,BYTE3(@0)
	ANDI R23,BYTE4(@0)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __ORD1N
	ORI  R30,LOW(@0)
	ORI  R31,HIGH(@0)
	ORI  R22,BYTE3(@0)
	ORI  R23,BYTE4(@0)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __DELAY_USB
	LDI  R24,LOW(@0)
__DELAY_USB_LOOP:
	DEC  R24
	BRNE __DELAY_USB_LOOP
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __DELAY_USW
	LDI  R24,LOW(@0)
	LDI  R25,HIGH(@0)
__DELAY_USW_LOOP:
	SBIW R24,1
	BRNE __DELAY_USW_LOOP
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __CLRD1S
	LDI  R30,0
	STD  Y+@0,R30
	STD  Y+@0+1,R30
	STD  Y+@0+2,R30
	STD  Y+@0+3,R30
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETD1S
	LDD  R30,Y+@0
	LDD  R31,Y+@0+1
	LDD  R22,Y+@0+2
	LDD  R23,Y+@0+3
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __PUTD1S
	STD  Y+@0,R30
	STD  Y+@0+1,R31
	STD  Y+@0+2,R22
	STD  Y+@0+3,R23
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __POINTB1MN
	LDI  R30,LOW(@0+@1)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __POINTW1MN
	LDI  R30,LOW(@0+@1)
	LDI  R31,HIGH(@0+@1)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __POINTW1FN
	LDI  R30,LOW(2*@0+@1)
	LDI  R31,HIGH(2*@0+@1)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __POINTB2MN
	LDI  R26,LOW(@0+@1)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __POINTW2MN
	LDI  R26,LOW(@0+@1)
	LDI  R27,HIGH(@0+@1)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __POINTBRM
	LDI  R@0,LOW(@1)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __POINTWRM
	LDI  R@0,LOW(@2)
	LDI  R@1,HIGH(@2)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __POINTBRMN
	LDI  R@0,LOW(@1+@2)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __POINTWRMN
	LDI  R@0,LOW(@2+@3)
	LDI  R@1,HIGH(@2+@3)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETD1N
	LDI  R30,LOW(@0)
	LDI  R31,HIGH(@0)
	LDI  R22,BYTE3(@0)
	LDI  R23,BYTE4(@0)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETD2N
	LDI  R26,LOW(@0)
	LDI  R27,HIGH(@0)
	LDI  R24,BYTE3(@0)
	LDI  R25,BYTE4(@0)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETD2S
	LDD  R26,Y+@0
	LDD  R27,Y+@0+1
	LDD  R24,Y+@0+2
	LDD  R25,Y+@0+3
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETB1MN
	LDS  R30,@0+@1
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETW1MN
	LDS  R30,@0+@1
	LDS  R31,@0+@1+1
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETD1MN
	LDS  R30,@0+@1
	LDS  R31,@0+@1+1
	LDS  R22,@0+@1+2
	LDS  R23,@0+@1+3
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETBRMN
	LDS  R@2,@0+@1
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETWRMN
	LDS  R@2,@0+@1
	LDS  R@3,@0+@1+1
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETWRZ
	LDD  R@0,Z+@2
	LDD  R@1,Z+@2+1
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETD2Z
	LDD  R26,Z+@0
	LDD  R27,Z+@0+1
	LDD  R24,Z+@0+2
	LDD  R25,Z+@0+3
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETB2MN
	LDS  R26,@0+@1
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETW2MN
	LDS  R26,@0+@1
	LDS  R27,@0+@1+1
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETD2MN
	LDS  R26,@0+@1
	LDS  R27,@0+@1+1
	LDS  R24,@0+@1+2
	LDS  R25,@0+@1+3
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __PUTB1MN
	STS  @0+@1,R30
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __PUTW1MN
	STS  @0+@1,R30
	STS  @0+@1+1,R31
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __PUTD1MN
	STS  @0+@1,R30
	STS  @0+@1+1,R31
	STS  @0+@1+2,R22
	STS  @0+@1+3,R23
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __PUTDZ2
	STD  Z+@0,R26
	STD  Z+@0+1,R27
	STD  Z+@0+2,R24
	STD  Z+@0+3,R25
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __PUTBMRN
	STS  @0+@1,R@2
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __PUTWMRN
	STS  @0+@1,R@2
	STS  @0+@1+1,R@3
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __PUTBZR
	STD  Z+@1,R@0
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __PUTWZR
	STD  Z+@2,R@0
	STD  Z+@2+1,R@1
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETW1R
	MOV  R30,R@0
	MOV  R31,R@1
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETW2R
	MOV  R26,R@0
	MOV  R27,R@1
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __GETWRN
	LDI  R@0,LOW(@2)
	LDI  R@1,HIGH(@2)
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __PUTW1R
	MOV  R@0,R30
	MOV  R@1,R31
	.ENDM

	.MACRO __PUTW2R
	MOV  R@0,R26
	MOV  R@1,R27
	.ENDM