Ubuntu配置静态IP地址

配置静态地址的方法

图形界面配置

略（主要是需要截图好几张，但是本身操作又简单就不写了）

修改配置文件

配置文件路径在/etc/netplan/xxx.yaml（这里每个人的xxx可能不一样）
默认如果开启了dhcp自动获取地址的话应该是这样

root@Ubuntu:~# cat /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml 
# This file is generated from information provided by the datasource.  Changes
# to it will not persist across an instance reboot.  To disable cloud-init's
# network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}
network:
    version: 2
    ethernets:
        ens3:
            dhcp4: true
            match:
                macaddress: fa:16:3e:20:57:4e
            mtu: 1500
            set-name: ens3

如果需要修改为静态地址可以先找出当前IP然后配置为一样的

root@Ubuntu:~# ip a |grep "global.*ens3" #这里的ens3是对应的网卡名
    inet 10.10.21.170/24 brd 10.10.21.255 scope global dynamic ens3

接下来就是将配置文件的IP修改为10.10.21.170/24

root@Ubuntu:~# cat /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml 
# This file is generated from information provided by the datasource.  Changes
# to it will not persist across an instance reboot.  To disable cloud-init's
# network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}
network:
    version: 2
    ethernets:
        ens3:
            dhcp4: false	#这里也可以写no
            addresses: [10.10.21.170/24]	
            optional: true
            gateway4: 10.10.21.254
            nameservers:
              addresses: [223.5.5.5]
            match:
              macaddress: fa:16:3e:20:57:4e
            mtu: 1500
            set-name: ens3
root@Ubuntu:~# netplan apply

NetworkManager修改

如果没有命令的话需要先安装NetworkManager

root@Ubuntu:~# apt-get install network-manager

接下来启动NetworkManager管理网卡
修改NewworkManager配置文件

root@Ubuntu:~# cat /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf 
[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile

[ifupdown]
managed=true	#这里默认是false，需要修改为true

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

修改/etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml

root@Ubuntu:~# cat /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml 
# This file is generated from information provided by the datasource.  Changes
# to it will not persist across an instance reboot.  To disable cloud-init's
# network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager	#必须修改否则NetworkManager无法管理

修改完成之后重启服务

root@Ubuntu:~# systemctl restart network-manager
root@Ubuntu:~# nmcli device 
DEVICE        TYPE      STATE      CONNECTION 
ens13         ethernet  connected  ens3.1          
ens3          ethernet  connected  ens3       
如果上面没有改的话，这里的state会是unmanaged

nmtui修改

这种也是类图形界面

root@Ubuntu:~# nmtui

然后按提示一步步修改即可，修改完了记得activate激活配置

nmcli

命令行修改

root@Ubuntu:~# nmcli connection modify ens3.1 ipv4.addresses 10.10.30.28/24 ipv4.gateway 10.10.30.254 ipv4.method manual ipv4.dns 114.114.114.114 autoconnect yes
root@Ubuntu:~# nmcli connection up ens3.1 
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/5)

nmcli修改网卡名字

很多时候用来NetworkManager会生成一些奇奇怪怪的网卡名字，比如"Wired connection 1"，看起来就难受，用起来有时候也不方便

root@Ubunt:~# nmcli connection modify "Wired connection 1" connection.id ens33