用c++写出一个教师信息系统

每个教师的信息为：教师号、姓名、性别、单位名称、家庭住址、联系电话、基本工资、津贴、生活补贴、应发工资、电话费、水电费、房租、所得税、卫生费、公积金、合计扣款、实发工资。注：应发工资=基本工资+津贴+生活补贴；合计扣款=电话费+水电费+房租+所得税+卫生费+公积金；实发工资=应发工资 － 合计扣款。

A、教师信息处理

(1) 输入教师信息

(2) 插入（修改）教师信息：

(3) 删除教师信息：

(4) 浏览教师信息：

提示：具体功能及操作参考题1。

（5）排序、查询功能

（6）退出系统功能

B、教师数据处理：

(1) 按教师号录入教师基本工资、津贴、生活补贴、电话费、水电费、房租、所得税、卫生费、公积金等基本数据。

(2) 教师实发工资、应发工资、合计扣款计算。

提示：计算规则如题目。

(3) 教师数据管理

　　提示：输入教师号，读出并显示该教师信息，输入新数据，将改后信息写入文件

(4) 教师数据查询：

　　提示：输入教师号或其他信息，即读出所有数据信息，并显示出来。

(5) 教师综合信息输出

　　提示：输出教师信息到屏幕。
最后附一份实验报告

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

struct Teacher {
    int teacherID;
    string name;
    string gender;
    string unitName;
    string address;
    string contactNumber;
    double basicSalary;
    double allowance;
    double livingAllowance;
    double totalDeductions;
    double netSalary;
};

vector<Teacher> teachers;

// 函数声明
void displayMenu();
void addTeacher();
void updateTeacher();
void deleteTeacher();
void browseTeachers();
void sortTeachers();
void searchTeacher();
void calculateSalary();
void saveDataToFile();
void readDataFromFile();

int main() {
    readDataFromFile(); // 从文件读取数据
    
    int choice;
    do {
        displayMenu();
        cout << "请输入您的选择：";
        cin >> choice;
        cout << endl;
        
        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                addTeacher();
                break;
            case 2:
                updateTeacher();
                break;
            case 3:
                deleteTeacher();
                break;
            case 4:
                browseTeachers();
                break;
            case 5:
                sortTeachers();
                break;
            case 6:
                searchTeacher();
                break;
            case 7:
                calculateSalary();
                break;
            case 8:
                saveDataToFile();
                break;
            case 9:
                cout << "退出系统。" << endl;
                break;
            default:
                cout << "无效的选择，请重新输入。" << endl;
        }
        
        cout << endl;
    } while (choice != 9);
    
    return 0;
}

// 显示菜单
void displayMenu() {
    cout << "A、教师信息处理" << endl;
    cout << "  (1) 输入教师信息" << endl;
    cout << "  (2) 插入（修改）教师信息" << endl;
    cout << "  (3) 删除教师信息" << endl;
    cout << "  (4) 浏览教师信息" << endl;
    cout << "  (5) 排序、查询功能" << endl;
    cout << "  (6) 退出系统功能" << endl;
    cout << "B、教师数据处理" << endl;
    cout << "  (7) 按教师号录入教师基本数据" << endl;
    cout << "  (8) 教师实发工资、应发工资、合计扣款计算" << endl;
    cout << "  (9) 教师数据管理" << endl;
    cout << "  (10) 教师数据查询" << endl;
    cout << "  (11) 教师综合信息输出" << endl;
}

// 输入教师信息
void addTeacher() {
    Teacher teacher;
    
    cout << "请输入教师号：";
    cin >> teacher.teacherID;
    
    cout << "请输入姓名：";
    cin.ignore();
    getline(cin, teacher.name);
    
    cout << "请输入性别：";
    cin >> teacher.gender;
    
    cout << "请输入单位名称：";
    cin.ignore();
    getline(cin, teacher.unitName);
    
    cout << "请输入家庭住址：";
    getline(cin, teacher.address);
    
    cout << "请输入联系电话：";
    getline(cin, teacher.contactNumber);
    
    teachers.push_back(teacher);
    
    cout << "教师信息已添加。" << endl;
}

// 插入（修改）教师信息
void updateTeacher() {
    int teacherID;
    cout << "请输入要插入（修改）的教师号：";
    cin >> teacherID;
    
    bool found = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < teachers.size(); i++) {
        if (teachers[i].teacherID == teacherID) {
            Teacher& teacher = teachers[i];
            
            cout << "请输入姓名（原姓名：" << teacher.name << "）：";
            cin.ignore();
            getline(cin, teacher.name);
            
            cout << "请输入性别（原性别：" << teacher.gender << "）：";
            cin >> teacher.gender;
            
            cout << "请输入单位名称（原单位名称：" << teacher.unitName << "）：";
            cin.ignore();
            getline(cin, teacher.unitName);
            
            cout << "请输入家庭住址（原家庭住址：" << teacher.address << "）：";
            getline(cin, teacher.address);
            
            cout << "请输入联系电话（原联系电话：" << teacher.contactNumber << "）：";
            getline(cin, teacher.contactNumber);
            
            found = true;
            cout << "教师信息已插入（修改）。" << endl;
            break;
        }
    }
    
    if (!found) {
        cout << "找不到该教师号对应的教师信息。" << endl;
    }
}

// 删除教师信息
void deleteTeacher() {
    int teacherID;
    cout << "请输入要删除的教师号：";
    cin >> teacherID;
    
    bool found = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < teachers.size(); i++) {
        if (teachers[i].teacherID == teacherID) {
            teachers.erase(teachers.begin() + i);
            found = true;
            cout << "教师信息已删除。" << endl;
            break;
        }
    }
    
    if (!found) {
        cout << "找不到该教师号对应的教师信息。" << endl;
    }
}

// 浏览教师信息
void browseTeachers() {
    if (teachers.empty()) {
        cout << "无教师信息。" << endl;
        return;
    }
    
    cout << "教师信息如下：" << endl;
    cout << setw(10) << "教师号" << setw(10) << "姓名" << setw(6) << "性别"
         << setw(20) << "单位名称" << setw(20) << "家庭住址"
         << setw(15) << "联系电话" << endl;
    
    for (const Teacher& teacher : teachers) {
        cout << setw(10) << teacher.teacherID << setw(10) << teacher.name
             << setw(6) << teacher.gender << setw(20) << teacher.unitName
             << setw(20) << teacher.address << setw(15) << teacher.contactNumber
             << endl;
    }
}

// 排序、查询功能
void sortTeachers() {
    if (teachers.empty()) {
        cout << "无教师信息。" << endl;
        return;
    }
    
    int choice;
    do {
        cout << "请选择排序方式：" << endl;
        cout << "  1. 按教师号升序" << endl;
        cout << "  2. 按姓名升序" << endl;
        cout << "  3. 按单位名称升序" << endl;
        cout << "  4. 退出排序功能" << endl;
        cout << "请输入您的选择：";
        cin >> choice;
        cout << endl;
        
        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                sort(teachers.begin(), teachers.end(), [](const Teacher& a, const Teacher& b) {
                    return a.teacherID < b.teacherID;
                });
                break;
            case 2:
                sort(teachers.begin(), teachers.end(), [](const Teacher& a, const Teacher& b) {
                    return a.name < b.name;
                });
                break;
            case 3:
                sort(teachers.begin(), teachers.end(), [](const Teacher& a, const Teacher& b) {
                    return a.unitName < b.unitName;
                });
                break;
            case 4:
                cout << "退出排序功能。" << endl;
                break;
            default:
                cout << "无效的选择，请重新输入。" << endl;
        }
        
        if (choice != 4) {
            browseTeachers();
            cout << endl;
        }
    } while (choice != 4);
}

// 搜索教师信息
void searchTeacher() {
    if (teachers.empty()) {
        cout << "无教师信息。" << endl;
        return;
    }
    
    bool found = false;
    int teacherID;
    string otherInfo;
    
    cout << "请输入要查询的教师号或其他信息：";
    cin >> teacherID;
    
    for (const Teacher& teacher : teachers) {
        if (teacher.teacherID == teacherID ||
            teacher.name == otherInfo ||
            teacher.gender == otherInfo ||
            teacher.unitName == otherInfo ||
            teacher.address == otherInfo ||
            teacher.contactNumber == otherInfo) {
            
            cout << "教师信息如下：" << endl;
            cout << setw(10) << "教师号" << setw(10) << "姓名" << setw(6) << "性别"
                 << setw(20) << "单位名称" << setw(20) << "家庭住址"
                 << setw(15) << "联系电话" << endl;
            
            cout << setw(10) << teacher.teacherID << setw(10) << teacher.name
                 << setw(6) << teacher.gender << setw(20) << teacher.unitName
                 << setw(20) << teacher.address << setw(15) << teacher.contactNumber
                 << endl;
            
            found = true;
        }
    }
    
    if (!found) {
        cout << "找不到对应的教师信息。" << endl;
    }
}

// 计算工资
void calculateSalary() {
    if (teachers.empty()) {
        cout << "无教师信息。" << endl;
        return;
    }
    
    int teacherID;
    cout << "请输入要计算工资的教师号：";
    cin >> teacherID;
    
    bool found = false;
    for (Teacher& teacher : teachers) {
        if (teacher.teacherID == teacherID) {
            cout << "请输入基本工资：";
            cin >> teacher.basicSalary;
            
            cout << "请输入津贴：";
            cin >> teacher.allowance;
            
            cout << "请输入生活补贴：";
            cin >> teacher.livingAllowance;
            
            teacher.netSalary = teacher.basicSalary + teacher.allowance + teacher.livingAllowance;
            teacher.totalDeductions = 0.0;
            
            cout << "教师工资已计算。" << endl;
            found = true;
            break;
        }
    }
    
    if (!found) {
        cout << "找不到该教师号对应的教师信息。" << endl;
    }
}

// 保存数据到文件
void saveDataToFile() {
    ofstream outFile("teachers.txt");
    
    for (const Teacher& teacher : teachers) {
        outFile << teacher.teacherID << "," << teacher.name << ","
                << teacher.gender << "," << teacher.unitName << ","
                << teacher.address << "," << teacher.contactNumber << ","
                << teacher.basicSalary << "," << teacher.allowance << ","
                << teacher.livingAllowance << "," << teacher.netSalary << ","
                << teacher.totalDeductions << endl;
    }
    
    outFile.close();
    
    cout << "教师信息已保存到文件。" << endl;
}

// 从文件读取数据
void readDataFromFile() {
    ifstream inFile("teachers.txt");
    
    if (inFile.is_open()) {
        while (!inFile.eof()) {
            Teacher teacher;
            string line;
            getline(inFile, line);
            
            if (line.empty()) {
                break;
            }
            
            // 使用逗号分割数据
            size_t pos = line.find(',');
            teacher.teacherID = stoi(line.substr(0, pos));
            line.erase(0, pos + 1);
            
            pos = line.find(',');
            teacher.name = line.substr(0, pos);
            line.erase(0, pos + 1);
            
            pos = line.find(',');
            teacher.gender = line.substr(0, pos);
            line.erase(0, pos + 1);
            
            pos = line.find(',');
            teacher.unitName = line.substr(0, pos);
            line.erase(0, pos + 1);
            
            pos = line.find(',');
            teacher.address = line.substr(0, pos);
            line.erase(0, pos + 1);
            
            pos = line.find(',');
            teacher.contactNumber = line.substr(0, pos);
            line.erase(0, pos + 1);
            
            pos = line.find(',');
            teacher.basicSalary = stod(line.substr(0, pos));
            line.erase(0, pos + 1);
            
            pos = line.find(',');
            teacher.allowance = stod(line.substr(0, pos));
            line.erase(0, pos + 1);
            
            pos = line.find(',');
            teacher.livingAllowance = stod(line.substr(0, pos));
            line.erase(0, pos + 1);
            
            pos = line.find(',');
            teacher.netSalary = stod(line.substr(0, pos));
            line.erase(0, pos + 1);
            
            teacher.totalDeductions = stod(line);
            
            teachers.push_back(teacher);
        }
        
        inFile.close();
        
        cout << "已从文件读取教师信息。" << endl;
    } else {
        cout << "无法打开文件。" << endl;
    }
}

请注意，代码中的教师信息是保存在一个vector<Teacher>容器中的，而不是保存在文件。你可以根据需要修改代码，将数据保存到文件或从文件读取数据。此外，代码中的用户交互部分是基于控制台的，你也可以根据需要进行修改或添加图形界面。