这篇文章描述了如何在Linux内核源码树外构建模块。通过运行make命令，内核的Makefile会包含指定的Makefile来编译模块。它定义了对象模块，设置了CROSS_COMPILE和CC编译器，并假设源代码树是在运行内核相同的目录下。KERNELDIR变量用于指向内核头文件的位置，执行makemodules进行编译，makeclean用于清理目标文件。
# To build modules outside of the kernel tree, we run "make"
# in the kernel source tree; the Makefile these then includes this
# Makefile once again.
# This conditional selects whether we are being included from the
# kernel Makefile or not.
# called from kernel build system: just declare what our modules are
obj-m := hello.o
CROSS_COMPILE =
CC = gcc
# Assume the source tree is where the running kernel was built
# You should set KERNELDIR in the environment if it's elsewhere
KERNELDIR ?= /usr/src/linux-headers-$(shell uname -r)
# The current directory is passed to sub-makes as argument
PWD := $(shell pwd)
all: modules
modules:
$(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
rm -rf *.o *~ core .depend *.symvers .*.cmd *.ko *.mod.c .tmp_versions $(TARGET)
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