一对多关联

2.1、提出需求

　　根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师

2.2、创建表和数据

　　在上面的一对一关联查询演示中，我们已经创建了班级表和教师表，因此这里再创建一张学生表

CREATETABLE student(

s_id INTPRIMARYKEY AUTO_INCREMENT,

s_name VARCHAR(20),

class_id INT

);

INSERTINTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_A', 1);

INSERTINTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_B', 1);

INSERTINTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_C', 1);

INSERTINTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_D', 2);

INSERTINTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_E', 2);

INSERTINTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_F', 2);

　　

2.3、定义实体类

　　1、Student类

1package me.gacl.domain;

2 3/** 4 * @author gacl

5 * 定义student表所对应的实体类

6*/ 7publicclass Student {

8 9//定义属性，和student表中的字段对应10privateint id; //id===>s_id11private String name; //name===>s_name1213publicint getId() {

14return id;

15 }

1617publicvoid setId(int id) {

18this.id = id;

19 }

2021public String getName() {

22return name;

23 }

2425publicvoid setName(String name) {

26this.name = name;

27 }

2829 @Override

30public String toString() {

31return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";

32 }

33 }

　　2、修改Classes类，添加一个List<Student> students属性，使用一个List<Student>集合属性表示班级拥有的学生，如下：

1package me.gacl.domain;

2 3import java.util.List;

4 5/** 6 * @author gacl

7 * 定义class表对应的实体类

8*/ 9publicclass Classes {

1011//定义实体类的属性，与class表中的字段对应12privateint id; //id===>c_id13private String name; //name===>c_name1415/**16 * class表中有一个teacher_id字段，所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性，

17 * 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系，通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个班级是由哪个老师负责的

18*/19private Teacher teacher;

20//使用一个List<Student>集合属性表示班级拥有的学生21private List<Student> students;

2223publicint getId() {

24return id;

25 }

2627publicvoid setId(int id) {

28this.id = id;

29 }

3031public String getName() {

32return name;

33 }

3435publicvoid setName(String name) {

36this.name = name;

37 }

3839public Teacher getTeacher() {

40return teacher;

41 }

4243publicvoid setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {

44this.teacher = teacher;

45 }

4647public List<Student> getStudents() {

48return students;

49 }

5051publicvoid setStudents(List<Student> students) {

52this.students = students;

53 }

5455 @Override

56public String toString() {

57return "Classes [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", teacher=" + teacher

58 + ", students=" + students + "]";

59 }

60 }

2.4、修改sql映射文件classMapper.xml

　　添加如下的SQL映射信息

1<!-- 2 根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师

3--> 4<!-- 5 方式一: 嵌套结果: 使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集

6 SELECT * FROM class c, teacher t,student s WHERE c.teacher_id=t.t_id AND c.C_id=s.class_id AND c.c_id=1

7--> 8<select id="getClass3" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap3"> 9 select * from class c, teacher t,student s where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.C_id=s.class_id and c.c_id=#{id}

10</select>11<resultMap type="me.gacl.domain.Classes" id="ClassResultMap3">12<id property="id" column="c_id"/>13<result property="name" column="c_name"/>14<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="me.gacl.domain.Teacher">15<id property="id" column="t_id"/>16<result property="name" column="t_name"/>17</association>18<!-- ofType指定students集合中的对象类型 -->19<collection property="students" ofType="me.gacl.domain.Student">20<id property="id" column="s_id"/>21<result property="name" column="s_name"/>22</collection>23</resultMap>2425<!--26 方式二：嵌套查询：通过执行另外一个SQL映射语句来返回预期的复杂类型

27 SELECT * FROM class WHERE c_id=1;

28 SELECT * FROM teacher WHERE t_id=1 //1 是上一个查询得到的teacher_id的值

29 SELECT * FROM student WHERE class_id=1 //1是第一个查询得到的c_id字段的值

30-->31<select id="getClass4" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap4">32 select * from class where c_id=#{id}

33</select>34<resultMap type="me.gacl.domain.Classes" id="ClassResultMap4">35<id property="id" column="c_id"/>36<result property="name" column="c_name"/>37<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="me.gacl.domain.Teacher" select="getTeacher2"></association>38<collection property="students" ofType="me.gacl.domain.Student" column="c_id" select="getStudent"></collection>39</resultMap>4041<select id="getTeacher2" parameterType="int" resultType="me.gacl.domain.Teacher">42 SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id}

43</select>4445<select id="getStudent" parameterType="int" resultType="me.gacl.domain.Student">46 SELECT s_id id, s_name name FROM student WHERE class_id=#{id}

47</select>

2.5、编写单元测试代码

1package me.gacl.test;

2 3import me.gacl.domain.Classes;

4import me.gacl.util.MyBatisUtil;

5import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

6import org.junit.Test;

7 8publicclass Test4 {

910 @Test

11publicvoid testGetClass3(){

12 SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();

13/**14 * 映射sql的标识字符串，

15 * me.gacl.mapping.classMapper是classMapper.xml文件中mapper标签的namespace属性的值，

16 * getClass3是select标签的id属性值，通过select标签的id属性值就可以找到要执行的SQL

17*/18 String statement = "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper.getClass3";//映射sql的标识字符串

19//执行查询操作，将查询结果自动封装成Classes对象返回20 Classes clazz = sqlSession.selectOne(statement,1);//查询class表中id为1的记录

21//使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession22 sqlSession.close();

23//打印结果：Classes [id=1, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=1, name=teacher1], students=[Student [id=1, name=student_A], Student [id=2, name=student_B], Student [id=3, name=student_C]]]24 System.out.println(clazz);

25 }

2627 @Test

28publicvoid testGetClass4(){

29 SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();

30/**31 * 映射sql的标识字符串，

32 * me.gacl.mapping.classMapper是classMapper.xml文件中mapper标签的namespace属性的值，

33 * getClass4是select标签的id属性值，通过select标签的id属性值就可以找到要执行的SQL

34*/35 String statement = "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper.getClass4";//映射sql的标识字符串

36//执行查询操作，将查询结果自动封装成Classes对象返回37 Classes clazz = sqlSession.selectOne(statement,1);//查询class表中id为1的记录

38//使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession39 sqlSession.close();

40//打印结果：Classes [id=1, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=1, name=teacher1], students=[Student [id=1, name=student_A], Student [id=2, name=student_B], Student [id=3, name=student_C]]]41 System.out.println(clazz);

42 }

43 }

2.6、MyBatis一对多关联查询总结

　　MyBatis中使用collection标签来解决一对多的关联查询，ofType属性指定集合中元素的对象类型。