这是一篇关于部署mysql的文章，及部署过程的遇到的问题

1.上传部署包 mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

#创建目录

mkdir mysql

#卸载之前的数据

for i in `rpm -qa|grep -i -e mysql -e mariadb`;do rpm -e $i --nodeps; done
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/* 

#解压并安装rpm包

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 

#安装依赖

yum -y install  numactl libaio net-tools

#安装rpm包

for i in `ls mysql-community*`;do rpm -ivh $i --nodeps; done

#启动MySQL
#启动之前注意权限问题

mkdir /data/mysql-8.0.27/data -p
mkdir /data/mysql-8.0.27/binlog -p
chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql-8.0.27/ -R
chmod 644 /etc/my.cnf

systemctl start mysqld #启动命令

#登录MySQL配置基本信息

vim /var/log/mysqld.log #查看登录密码
mysql -uroot -p$pass（这里是日志中查看到的密码）

#修改密码
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '1qazXSW@';
#刷新权限
flush privileges;
#退出数据库
exit

#mysql8安装完毕

安装完卸载重装后报错，错误提示为权限相关，mysql启动失败，其实现在已经重装完成，因为/var/run目录指向/run目录，而/run是一个临时文件系统，存储系统启动以来的信息。当系统重启时，这个目录下的文件应该被删掉或清除。
可想而知，CentOS重启后，/var/run/mysqld目录也将消失，而mysql的启动脚本中未自动创建该目录，所以会提示该错误！
方法1：修改启动脚本，启动时若找不到/var/run/mysqld目录，则自动创建
# 以下截取修改部分内容
mypiddir="/var/run/mysqld"
get_mysql_option mysqld_safe pid-file "$mypiddir/mysqld.pid"
mypidfile="$result"

#############################省略#############################

start(){
    [ -x $exec ] || exit 5
    # check to see if it's already running
    RESPONSE=$(/usr/bin/mysqladmin --no-defaults --socket="$adminsocket" --user=UNKNOWN_MYSQL_USER ping 2>&1)
    if [ $? = 0 ]; then
        # already running, do nothing
        action $"Starting $prog: " /bin/true
        ret=0
    elif echo "$RESPONSE" | grep -q "Access denied for user"
    then
        # already running, do nothing
        action $"Starting $prog: " /bin/true
        ret=0
    else
        # 不存在/var/run/mysqld目录，则自动创建
        if [ ! -e "$mypiddir" -a ! -h "$mypiddir" ]
        then
           mkdir -p "$mypiddir" || exit 1
        fi
        chown mysql:mysql "$mypiddir"

        # prepare for start
        touch "$errlogfile"
        chown mysql:mysql "$errlogfile"

#############################省略#############################

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysqld

方法2：修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件,修改mysqld_safe属性组下pid-file文件位置
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
skip-name-resolve

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

sql-mode=ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
# 可改为/var/run/mysqld.pid
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid