BGP综合实验——联邦和反射器

实验要求

• AS1存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.1.0/24，该地址不能在任何协议中宣告
• AS3存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.2.0/24，该地址不能在任何协议中宣告
• AS1还有一个环回地址为10.1.1.0/24，AS3另一个环回地址是11.1.1.8/24最终要求这两个环回可以互相通讯
• 整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16
  • 172.16.0.0 /16
    • 用户网段-----一般直接划分到掩码24位
    • 链路信息（6）-----当这条链路只有两个节点是掩码一般直接划分到30
• AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意分配
• 使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问
• 减少路由条目数量，避免环路出现

实验拓扑

实验步骤

1、配置IP

[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 12.1.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip ad 10.1.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.1.1 24

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 172.16.1.21 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip ad 2.2.2.2 32
[R2-LoopBack0]int l1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.2.1 24

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.5 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip ad 3.3.3.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.3.1 24

[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.172.16.1.6 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.9 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip ad 4.4.4.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.4.1 24

[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.22 30 
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.17 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip ad 5.5.5.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int l1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip ad 17.16.5.1 24

[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.13 30 
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip ad 6.6.6.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int l1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.6.1 

[R7]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.14 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 78.1.1.7 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.10 30 
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip ad 7.7.7.7 32
[R7-LoopBack0]int l1
[R7-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.7.1 24

[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 78.1.1.8 24
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip ad 192.168.2.1 24
[R8-LoopBack0]int l1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip ad 11.1.1.1 24

测试直连是否互通

display lldb neighbor brief——查看设备接口邻居信息

2、配置OSPF

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]are 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.21 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]are 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.2 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.4 0.0.0.0

[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]are 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.6 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.9 0.0.0.0

[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.5.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.22 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.17 0.0.0.0

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]are 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.18 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.13 0.0.0.0

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 7.7.7.7 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.7.0 0.0.0.255
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.14 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.10 0.0.0.0

查看邻居display ospf peer brief

查看路由表display ip routing-table protocol ospf 

3、建立BGP

[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2

[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513	
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface l0
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface l0
[R2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 ebgp-max-hop 

[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface l0
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface l0

[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface l0
[R4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R4-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 64513	
[R4-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R4-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 ebgp-max-hop

[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface l0
[R5-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 next-hop-local
[R5-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface l0
[R5-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 next-hop-local
[R5-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 ebgp-max-hop

[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface l0
[R6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface l0

[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2
[R7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 next-hop-local
[R7-bgp]peer 78.1.1.8 as-number 3
[R7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R7-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 64512
[R7-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface l0
[R7-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 

[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-bgp]peer 78.1.1.7 as-number 2

display bgp peer

宣告R1和R2上环回

[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]network 10.1.1.0 24

[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]network 11.1.1.0 24

display bgp routing-table

此时，这两条路由信息并未被所有设备学习到

4、配置R3、R6为路由反射器

[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 reflect-client 

[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 reflect-client 

此时，各设备均学习到10.1.1.1 /24和11.1.1.1 /24这两条路由，并且互通

5、宣告汇总网段 

使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问

使用手工汇总

[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL0
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL0
[R7]bgp 64512
[R7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

测试 

6、配置GRE，R1与R8之间建立Tunnel隧道

实现192.168.1.0/24和192.168.2.0/24互通

[R1]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 20.1.1.1 255.255.255.0	
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre 
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.1.1.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]description 11.1.1.1

[R8]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 20.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 11.1.1.1	
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]description 10.1.1.1

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 Tunnel 0/0/0

[R8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 Tunnel 0/0/0

测试