SpringBoot结合WebSocket实现聊天功能

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-03 09:13:10 发布

小李大魔王

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-03 09:13:10 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_74261199/article/details/138295190

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本文介绍了如何在SpringBoot项目中使用WebSocket进行实现实时通信，包括依赖引入、配置类、消息传递实体、ServerEndpoint定义以及客户端示例，展示了如何创建简单的聊天功能。

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一、导入依赖

<!--    父依赖 -->
  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.10.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>

  <dependencies>
    <!--    websocket依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!--      websocket客户端  -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.java-websocket</groupId>
      <artifactId>Java-WebSocket</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--    lombok  -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!--      JSON转换器   -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.83</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

二、导入配置类

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;

@Configuration
public class WebSocketConfig {

    /**
     *   创建 websocket 的服务器
     */
    @Bean
    public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter(){
        return new ServerEndpointExporter();
    }
}

三、创建传递消息的实体

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Builder
@Data
public class Message {

    /**
     * 消息的发送者
     */
    private String sender;
    /**
     * 消息的接收者
     */
    private String receiver;
    /**
     * 消息的内容
     */
    private String content;
}

四、指定ServerEndpoint


import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.chat.entity.Message;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.websocket.*;
import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
@ServerEndpoint("/{name}")
public class WsServer {

    /**
     * 记录所有的在线用户
     */
    private static Map<String, WsServer> clients = new HashMap<>();

    /**
     * 当前用户的名称
     */
    private String name;

    /**
     * 本地会话
     */
    private Session session;

    /**
     *  建立新的链接时调用
     */
    @OnOpen
    public void onOpen(@PathParam("name")String name, Session session){

        //  判断名称是否使用了关键字
        if (name.equals("all")){
            session.getAsyncRemote().sendText("不允许使用all作为名称");
            try {
                session.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
            return;
        }

        //  判断该名称是否被使用
        WsServer client = clients.get(name);
        if (client!=null){

            session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(name + "名称已经被使用，请重新取名");
            try {
                session.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
            return;
        }

        this.name = name;
        this.session = session;

        //  记录当前用户
        clients.put(name, this);

        // 欢迎新用户
        String msg = "欢迎用户 '" + name + "' 来到小阳交友平台"+"\t在线人数为：" + clients.size() + "\n" + "请选择你要发送的好友：\n";

        int count = 0;
        for (String tName : clients.keySet()) {
            msg += tName + '\t';
            count++;
            if (count % 8 == 0){
                msg += '\n';
            }
        }
        if (msg.charAt(msg.length()-1)!='\n'){
            msg += '\n';
        }
        msg += "请以 receiver(all发送给所有人) content 的格式发送消息\n";
        Message message = new Message();
        message.setContent(msg);
        message.setSender("通知");
        for (WsServer wsServer : clients.values()) {
            wsServer.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(JSON.toJSONString(message));
        }
    }

    @OnClose
    public void onClose(){

        // 去除下线用户
        clients.remove(name);

        Message message = new Message();
        message.setSender("通知");
        message.setContent("用户 '" + name + "已下线");

        //  通知所有用户该用户已下线
        for (WsServer wsServer : clients.values()) {
            wsServer.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(JSON.toJSONString(message));
        }
        System.out.println("用户 '" + name + "已下线");
    }

    @OnError
    public void  onError(Session session, Throwable error){

        System.out.println("发生错误" + error.getMessage());
    }

    @OnMessage
    public void onMessage(String message,Session session){
        Message userMessage = JSON.parseObject(message, Message.class);
        //  判断该消息是发给谁的
        if (userMessage.getReceiver().equals("all")){
            // 发给所有人
            for (WsServer wsServer : clients.values()) {
                if (clients.get(userMessage.getSender())!=wsServer){
                    wsServer.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(JSON.toJSONString(userMessage));
                }
            }
            return;
        }

        WsServer wsServer = clients.get(userMessage.getReceiver());
        wsServer.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(JSON.toJSONString(userMessage));
    }
}

五、创建客户端

如果你的项目指定了端口，记得把wsServerURL换成自己的

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.chat.entity.Message;
import org.java_websocket.client.WebSocketClient;
import org.java_websocket.handshake.ServerHandshake;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class WsClient {

    //  运行处理消息服务器WsServer主机的URL
    private static String wsServerURL = "ws://localhost:8080/";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

        String name;
        WebSocketClient client;
        while (true){
            // 获取用户身份   ( 不同用户的名字不能一样 )
            System.out.print("请输入你的名字： ");
            name = sc.next();

            //  建立连接
            client = new WebSocketClient(new URI(wsServerURL+name)) {
                @Override
                public void onOpen(ServerHandshake serverHandshake) {
                    System.out.println("客户端与服务端建立连接");
                }

                @Override
                public void onMessage(String s) {
                    Message message = JSON.parseObject(s, Message.class);
                    System.out.println("\n" + message.getSender() + ": " + message.getContent());
                }

                @Override
                public void onClose(int i, String s, boolean b) {
                    System.out.println("客户端与服务端断开连接");
                    System.exit(0);
                }

                @Override
                public void onError(Exception e) {
                    System.out.println("服务端发生错误");
                }
            };
            client.connect();
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            if (client.isOpen()){
                break;
            }
        }

        Message message = new Message();
        message.setSender(name);
        while (true){

           String toUser = sc.next();
           String content = sc.nextLine();
           message.setReceiver(toUser);
           message.setContent(content);

           client.send(JSON.toJSONString(message));
        }
    }
}