如何动态配置数据源

动态数据源

配置类DynamicDataSourceConfig：配置 DynamicDataSource，并将两个数据源（firstDataSource 和 secondDataSource）注册到了 DynamicDataSource 中。DataSourceNames 中定义数据源名称常量。targetDataSources存储了名称与数据源的对应关系。

package com.upt.datasources;

import com.alibaba.druid.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DruidDataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 配置多数据源
 */
@Configuration
public class DynamicDataSourceConfig {

    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.druid.first")
    public DataSource firstDataSource() {
        return DruidDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.druid.second")
    public DataSource secondDataSource() {
        return DruidDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public DynamicDataSource dataSource(DataSource firstDataSource, DataSource secondDataSource) {
        Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources = new HashMap<>();
        targetDataSources.put(DataSourceNames.FIRST, firstDataSource);
        targetDataSources.put(DataSourceNames.SECOND, secondDataSource);
        return new DynamicDataSource(firstDataSource, targetDataSources);
    }
}

DynamicDataSource 类需要实现数据源的动态切换逻辑，contextHolder来存储当前线程的数据源上下文

package com.upt.datasources;

import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 动态数据源
 */
public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {
    private static final ThreadLocal<String> contextHolder = new ThreadLocal<>();

    public DynamicDataSource(DataSource defaultTargetDataSource, Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources) {
        super.setDefaultTargetDataSource(defaultTargetDataSource);
        super.setTargetDataSources(targetDataSources);
        super.afterPropertiesSet();
    }

    @Override
    protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {
        return getDataSource();
    }

    public static void setDataSource(String dataSource) {
        contextHolder.set(dataSource);
    }

    public static String getDataSource() {
        return contextHolder.get();
    }

    public static void clearDataSource() {
        contextHolder.remove();
    }

}

application-dev.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driverClassName: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    druid:
      first:
        url: ${url}
        username: ${username}
        password: ${password}
      second: 
        url: ${url}
        username: ${username}
        password: ${password}

@DataSource注解，用来在方法级别切换数据源

@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface DataSource {
    String value() default DataSourceNames.FIRST;
}

定义切面DataSourceAspect来处理@DataSource注解并切换数据源

@Aspect
@Component
public class DataSourceAspect {

    @Autowired
    private DynamicDataSource dynamicDataSource;

    @Pointcut("@annotation(com.upt.datasources.annotation.DataSource)")
    public void dataSourcePointCut() {

    }
    
    @Around("dataSourcePointCut()")
    public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint point) throws Throwable {
        MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) point.getSignature();
        Method method = signature.getMethod();

        DataSource ds = method.getAnnotation(DataSource.class);
        if (ds == null) {
            DynamicDataSource.setDataSource(DataSourceNames.FIRST);
            logger.debug("set datasource is " + DataSourceNames.FIRST);
        } else {
            DynamicDataSource.setDataSource(ds.name());
            logger.debug("set datasource is " + ds.name());
        }

        try {
            return point.proceed();
        } finally {
            DynamicDataSource.clearDataSource();
            logger.debug("clean datasource");
        }
    }
}

使用方式：

• 使用@DataSource(DataSourceNames.SECOND)注解指定数据源

• 手动指定，例如：

  @Autowired
  private DynamicDataSource dynamicDataSource;
  
  public void useSecondDataSource() {
      dynamicDataSource.setDataSource(DataSourceNames.SECOND);
      // 执行与第二数据源相关的操作
  }