创建数据表grade:
CREATE TABLE grade(
id INT NOT NULL,
sex CHAR(1),
firstname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
lastname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
english FLOAT,
math FLOAT,
chinese FLOAT
);
向数据表grade中插入几条数据:
INSERT INTO grade
VALUES (1,'m','John','Smith',88.0,85.0,82.0),
(2,'f','Adam','Smith',76.0,78.0,90.0),
(3,'m','Allen','William',88.0,92.0,95.0),
(4,'m','George','William',62.0,58.0,72.0),
(5,'f','Alice','Davis',89.0,94.0,98.0),
(6,'m','Kevin','Miller',77.0,88.0,99.0),
(7,'f','Helen','Davis',79.0,83.0,91.0),
(8,'m','Andrew','Johnson',81.0,86.0,88.0);
1、查询所有字段
select * from grade;
2、查询grade表中的id,firstname,lastname字段
select id,firstname,lastname from grade;
3、查询grade表中id大于4的学生姓名
select firstname from grade where id > 4;
4、查询grade表中女生的记录
select * from grade where sex = 'f';#f两旁记得加单引号。
5、查询grade表中id值为2,4,6的学生记录
select * from grade where id in (2,4,6);
6、查询grade表中math成绩在85到94之间的记录
select * from grade where math between 85 and 94;
7、查询grade表中firstname以A开头的记录
#不使用正则
select * from grade where firstname like 'A%';
#使用正则
select * from grade where firstname regexp '^A';
8、查询grade表中firstname以A开头以e结尾的记录
#不使用正则
select * from grade where firstname like 'A%e';
#使用正则
select * from grade where firstname regexp '^A.*e$';
9、查询grade表中firstname包含l的记录
select * from grade where firstname like '%l%';
select * from grade where firstname regexp '[l]';
10、查询grade表中firstname以A开头后面有4个字符的记录
select * from grade where firstname like 'A____';
select * from grade where firstname regexp '^A.{4}$';
11、查询grade表中english在80到90之间的记录
select * from grade where english between 80 and 90;
12、查询grade表中math大于90 或者 chinese大于90的记录
select * from grade where math > 90 or chinese > 90;
13、查询grade表中id不是1、3、5、7的记录
select * from grade where id not in (1,3,5,7);
select * from grade where id regexp '[^1357]';
14、查询grade表中的性别有哪些
select distinct sex from grade;
15、查询grade表中的lastname有哪几种
select distinct lastname from grade;
16、求出表中所有记录的条数
select count(*) from grade;
17、求出表中英语成绩大于80的记录的条数
select count(*) from grade where english > 80;
18、计算所有学生的数学成绩的和
select sum(math) from grade;
19、计算女生的数学成绩的和
select sum(math) from grade where sex = 'f';
20、计算英语成绩平均分
select avg(english) from grade;
21、计算男生的英语成绩平均分
select avg(english) from grade where sex = 'm';
22、求出数学成绩的最高分
select max(math) from grade;
23、求出男生中的数学最高分
select max(math) from grade where sex = 'm';
24、按照math成绩的升序进行排列
select * from grade order by math asc;
25、按照sex字段的升序和chinese字段的降序排列
select * from grade order by sex asc,chinese desc;
26、查询数据表grade中的记录,按照sex字段进行分组
#不是太懂题目意思
select * from grade order by sex;
select sex,count(*) as count from grade group by sex;
27、将grade表按照lastname字段值分组,并计算每个分组中的学生数
select lastname,count(*) as count from grade group by lastname;
28、对grade表按照lastname字段分组,查出math字段和小于100的组
select lastname,sum(math)
from grade
group by lastname
having sum(math) < 100;
过滤分组:
语法:
select column ,group_function(组函数)
from table
[where condition(条件)]
[group by group_by_expression(分组字段)]
[having group_condition(分组条件)]
[order by column];
使用having的条件:
- 行已经被分组
- 使用了组函数
- 满足having子句中条件的分组将被显示
29、查询grade表中的第3到第6条记录
select * from grade limit 2,4;
解释:在上面的查询中,
LIMIT 2, 4 表示从第3条记录开始
(因为MySQL索引是从0开始),
取4条记录,即第3到第6条记录。
30、查询grade表中男生平均成绩(三科)大于85的记录
select id,avg(math+english+chinese) as avg_grade
from grade
where sex = 'm'
group by id
having avg_grade > 85;