链块串的实现（无功能函数实现）

String.h

#pragma once
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define SIZE 5
#define EFF_SIZE (SIZE -1)//插入的有效字符
typedef char elemType;

typedef struct node
{
	elemType str[SIZE];
	struct node* next;
}node;

typedef struct String
{
	node* head;
	node* tail;
	int length;
}String;

//初始化串
void initString(String* ps);

//创建新节点
node* newNode(int size, char* str);//参数1：传的字符个数

//打印串
void printString(const String* s);

//输入数据
void enterData(String* ps, char* ch);

//销毁串
void destroyString(String* ps);

String.cpp

#include "String.h"

//初始化串
void initString(String* ps)
{
	//创建一个带头的串
	node* p = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
	if (NULL == p)//申请内存是否失败
	{
		cout << strerror(errno) << endl;
		exit(-1);
	}
	p->next = NULL;
	ps->head = ps->tail = p;
	ps->length = 0;
}

//创建新节点
node* newNode(int size, char* str1)//参数1：传的字符个数
{
	node* p = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
	if (NULL == p)//分配内存失败
	{
		cout << strerror(errno) << endl;
		exit(-1);
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < EFF_SIZE; i++)
	{
		if (size <= i)
		{
			p->str[i] = '#';
		}
		else 
		{
			p->str[i] = str1[i];
		}
	}
	p->str[EFF_SIZE] = '\0';
	p->next = NULL;
	return p;
}

//打印串
void printString(const String* ps)
{
	assert(ps);
	node* p = ps->head->next;
	if (NULL == p)
	{
		cout << "串无数据" << endl;
		return;
	}
	while (p)
	{
		cout << "[ ";
		if (ps->tail == p)//判断是否为最后一个数据
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
			{
				if ('#' == p->str[i])
				{
					break;
				}
				cout << p->str[i];
			}
		}
		else
		{
			cout << p->str;
		}
		cout << " ]->";
		p = p->next;
	}
	cout << "NULL" << endl;
}

//输入数据
void enterData(String* ps, char* ch)
{
	assert(ps);
	node* cur = ps->head;
	int leng = strlen(ch);
	ps->length = leng;
	int n = leng / EFF_SIZE;
	int count = 0;
	if (0 != leng % EFF_SIZE)
	{
		count = leng - n * EFF_SIZE;
		n++;
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
	{
		node* p = NULL;
		if (i == n && 0 != count)
		{
			p = newNode(count, ch + (i - 1) * EFF_SIZE);
		}
		else
		{
			p = newNode(EFF_SIZE, ch + (i - 1) * EFF_SIZE);
		}
		ps->tail = cur->next = p;
		cur = p;
	}
}

//销毁串
void destroyString(String* ps)
{
	node* pcur = ps->head;
	while (pcur)
	{
		node* pnext = pcur->next;
		free(pcur);
		pcur = pnext;
	}
	ps->head = ps->tail = NULL;
	ps->length = 0;
}