继承在开发中的使用

前段时间，红帽公司的高级架构师来公司培训了hibernate的高级应用，因为本人是做前台转到做后台的，所有好多东西是云里雾里的。当时老师讲到领域模型设计以及hibernate的继承的使用，刚开始并没理解对象继承的作用，感觉继承也减少不了多少工作量。而且hibernate的延迟加载还不支持 向下转型 和instanceof 以为这东西在我实际开发中使用价值不大。但最近的一个项目，我试着使用领域模型进行设计并且在实施中发现了许多好处。
任务计划需求：任务计划分个人任务：也就是私人任务；定期性任务：就是固定时间要做的一些任务，比如上传报表之类的任务.；工作任务：就是上级指派给下级需要完成的任务。
这三种任务在不同的界面进行增加，但需要在一个界面进行展示，也就是现在业界比较流行的日视图，周视图，月视图之类的。这种情况采用继承就比较方便
任务计划的对象xml为

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.going.oa.model">
  <class  name="Task" abstract="true">
    <id access="field" name="id" type="string" column="TASK_ID" length="32">
      <generator class="uuid"/>
    </id>


     <property name="updateBy" type="string">
        <column name="UPDATE_BY" length="15">
            <comment>修改人工号</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

    <property name="updateTime" type="string">
        <column name="UPDATE_TIME" length="14">
            <comment>修改时间</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

         <property name="archiveFlag" type="string">
        <column name="ARCHIVE_FLAG" length="5">
            <comment>归档标志</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

         <property name="accreditRoleName" type="text">
        <column name="ACCREDIT_ROLE_NAME" length="4000">
            <comment>授权角色名称</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

    <property name="accreditRoleId" type="text">
        <column name="ACCREDIT_ROLE_ID" length="4000">
            <comment>授权角色id串</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

      <property name="accreditOrgId" type="text">
        <column name="ACCREDIT_ORG_ID" length="4000">
            <comment>授权机构id串</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

     <property name="accreditOrgName" type="text">
        <column name="ACCREDIT_ORG_NAME" length="4000">
            <comment>授权机构名称</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

     <property name="accreditUserId" type="text">
        <column name="ACCREDIT_USER_ID" length="4000">
            <comment>授权人id串</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

     <property name="accreditUserName" type="text">
        <column name="ACCREDIT_USER_NAME" length="4000">
            <comment>授权人姓名</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

       <property name="startTime" type="string">
        <column name="START_TIME" length="20">
            <comment>开始时间</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

       <property name="endTime" type="string">
        <column name="END_TIME" length="20">
            <comment>结束时间</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

       <property name="taskType" type="string">
        <column name="TASK_TYPE" length="4000">
            <comment>任务类型</comment>
        </column>
    </property> 

       <property name="awokeTime" type="string">
        <column name="AWOKE_TIME" length="4000">
            <comment>提醒时间</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

       <property name="content" type="string">
        <column name="TASK_CONTENT" length="4000">
            <comment>任务内容</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

       <property name="title" type="string">
        <column name="TASK_TITLE" length="4000">
            <comment>主题</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

       <property name="taskState" type="string">
        <column name="TASK_STATE" length="4000">
            <comment>任务状态</comment>
        </column>
    </property>

       <property name="innerNote" type="string">
        <column name="INNER_NOTE" length="4000">
            <comment>内部短信</comment>
        </column>
    </property>


        <property name="issuanceName" type="string">
            <column name="ISSUANCE_NAME" length="50">
                <comment>发布人姓名</comment>
            </column>
        </property>
        <property name="issuanceId" type="string">
            <column name="ISSUANCE_ID" length="15">
                <comment>发布人工号</comment>
            </column>
        </property>

     <union-subclass name="IndividualTask" table="OA_INDIVIDUAL_TASK">

     </union-subclass>

      <union-subclass name="PeriodTask" table="OA_PERIOD_TASK">
      </union-subclass>

      <union-subclass name="WorkTask" table="OA_WORK_TASK"> 
        <set name="attachments" table="ATTACHMENT_INFO" order-by="ISSUANCE_DATE">
            <key column="ATTACHEMENT_ID"/>
            <one-to-many class="Attachment"/>
        </set>
      </union-subclass>
  </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

采用union-subclass模式，该模式为每个子类生成一个对应的数据库表。
因为在统一界面展示，如果采用以前的设计方式 ，在进行CRUD时如果从前台传入一个id ，后台可能不知道是属于哪个类的对象，只能由程序员写原生sql或者遍历去找该对象后再操作，而现在使用继承方式的话，这些工作hibernate就会帮我们自己完成。比如get对象通过id。

 select
        task0_.TASK_ID as TASK1_21_0_,
        task0_.UPDATE_BY as UPDATE2_21_0_,
        task0_.UPDATE_TIME as UPDATE3_21_0_,
        task0_.ARCHIVE_FLAG as ARCHIVE4_21_0_,
        task0_.ACCREDIT_ROLE_NAME as ACCREDIT5_21_0_,
        task0_.ACCREDIT_ROLE_ID as ACCREDIT6_21_0_,
        task0_.ACCREDIT_ORG_ID as ACCREDIT7_21_0_,
        task0_.ACCREDIT_ORG_NAME as ACCREDIT8_21_0_,
        task0_.ACCREDIT_USER_ID as ACCREDIT9_21_0_,
        task0_.ACCREDIT_USER_NAME as ACCREDIT10_21_0_,
        task0_.START_TIME as START11_21_0_,
        task0_.END_TIME as END12_21_0_,
        task0_.TASK_TYPE as TASK13_21_0_,
        task0_.AWOKE_TIME as AWOKE14_21_0_,
        task0_.TASK_CONTENT as TASK15_21_0_,
        task0_.TASK_TITLE as TASK16_21_0_,
        task0_.TASK_STATE as TASK17_21_0_,
        task0_.INNER_NOTE as INNER18_21_0_,
        task0_.ISSUANCE_NAME as ISSUANCE19_21_0_,
        task0_.ISSUANCE_ID as ISSUANCE20_21_0_,
        task0_.clazz_ as clazz_0_ 
    from
        ( select
            ACCREDIT_ROLE_NAME,
            INNER_NOTE,
            TASK_CONTENT,
            ACCREDIT_ORG_NAME,
            AWOKE_TIME,
            TASK_ID,
            TASK_TYPE,
            ACCREDIT_ROLE_ID,
            ACCREDIT_USER_NAME,
            UPDATE_BY,
            TASK_STATE,
            UPDATE_TIME,
            END_TIME,
            ACCREDIT_ORG_ID,
            ISSUANCE_ID,
            TASK_TITLE,
            START_TIME,
            ISSUANCE_NAME,
            ARCHIVE_FLAG,
            ACCREDIT_USER_ID,
            1 as clazz_ 
        from
            OA_INDIVIDUAL_TASK 
        union
        select
            ACCREDIT_ROLE_NAME,
            INNER_NOTE,
            TASK_CONTENT,
            ACCREDIT_ORG_NAME,
            AWOKE_TIME,
            TASK_ID,
            TASK_TYPE,
            ACCREDIT_ROLE_ID,
            ACCREDIT_USER_NAME,
            UPDATE_BY,
            TASK_STATE,
            UPDATE_TIME,
            END_TIME,
            ACCREDIT_ORG_ID,
            ISSUANCE_ID,
            TASK_TITLE,
            START_TIME,
            ISSUANCE_NAME,
            ARCHIVE_FLAG,
            ACCREDIT_USER_ID,
            2 as clazz_ 
        from
            OA_PERIOD_TASK 
        union
        select
            ACCREDIT_ROLE_NAME,
            INNER_NOTE,
            TASK_CONTENT,
            ACCREDIT_ORG_NAME,
            AWOKE_TIME,
            TASK_ID,
            TASK_TYPE,
            ACCREDIT_ROLE_ID,
            ACCREDIT_USER_NAME,
            UPDATE_BY,
            TASK_STATE,
            UPDATE_TIME,
            END_TIME,
            ACCREDIT_ORG_ID,
            ISSUANCE_ID,
            TASK_TITLE,
            START_TIME,
            ISSUANCE_NAME,
            ARCHIVE_FLAG,
            ACCREDIT_USER_ID,
            3 as clazz_ 
        from
            OA_WORK_TASK 
    ) task0_ 
where
    task0_.TASK_ID=?