javascript ( 简称 js ) 脚本语言,插入html中
1、作用:验证表单,检测浏览器,创建cookies,改进设计等。
2、写html: document.write(" xxx ");
通过id操作html元素: var x = getElementById( " id " ); x.innerHtml = " 改变html内容 "; x.style.color = " #ff0000 "; // 改变样式
isNaN( var x ); // 判断x是否是numberic , NaN ( not a numberic )
3、格式 <script type = " text/javascript " > js语句 </script>
js语句 : alter(" xxx ") ; // 弹出对话框
函数: function myFunction() { 函数体 }
带参数的函数: function myFuction( var p1, var p2) { 函数体 }
带返回值的函数: var myVar = myFuction();
连接外部js: <script scr = " xxx.js "> </script>
4、js的输出:在html中输出文档, document.getElementById( " id " ). innerHtml = " xxx ";
document.write( " xxx " ) ;
5、数据类型:字符串,数字,布尔值,数组,对象,Null,Undefined
1) var x; // Undefined
2) var x = 9; // 数字
3) var x = " mlw "; // 字符串
4) var x = true | false; // 布尔值
5) var cars = new Array(); // 数组
cars [ 0 ] = " andi " ; cars[1] = " BMW "; cars[2] = " Benz ";
var cars = new Array(" andi ", " BMW ", " Benz ");
var cars = [" andi ", " BMW ", " Benz "];
6) var person = { firstname : " Bill ", secondname : " Gates ", id : 5566 }; // 对象 属性名:值 name:value
实例:var name = person.firstname 或 var name = person[ " secondname " ];
对象:属性,方法
6、js的表单验证:在数据被送往服务器前对html表单中的这些输入数据进行验证
1) 必填项验证:
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function validate_required(field,alerttxt)
{
with (field)
{
if (value==null||value=="")
{alert(alerttxt);return false}
else {return true}
}
}
function validate_form(thisform)
{
with (thisform)
{
if (validate_required(email,"Email must be filled out!")==false)
{email.focus();return false}
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="submitpage.htm" οnsubmit="return validate_form(this)" method="post">
Email: <input type="text" name="email" size="30">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function validate_email(field,alerttxt)
{
with (field)
{
apos=value.indexOf("@")
dotpos=value.lastIndexOf(".")
if (apos<1||dotpos-apos<2)
{alert(alerttxt);return false}
else {return true}
}
}
function validate_form(thisform)
{
with (thisform)
{
if (validate_email(email,"Not a valid e-mail address!")==false)
{email.focus();return false}
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="submitpage.htm"οnsubmit="return validate_form(this);" method="post">
Email: <input type="text" name="email" size="30">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>