驱动--入门实例hello驱动（二）

一、基本理论

二、基本数据结构和实例

三 、总结

一、基本理论

 

二、基本数据结构和实例、

前面hello驱动的升级，定义了一个基于内存int数据的设备,有很多不全的地方，只是简单的一个测试demo。关于其它驱动基本框架都类似，具体的就是操作的寄存器复杂和时序的不同。

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>



struct freg_device{
	struct cdev dev;
	int val;
};

static int major=0;
static struct class *hello_class=NULL;

static struct freg_device hello_device; 


static int hello_open(struct inode *inode,struct file *filp){

	printk(KERN_ALERT "hello open function.\n");
	return 0;

}
static int hello_close(struct inode *inode,struct file *filp){

	printk(KERN_ALERT "hello close function.\n");
	return 0;

}
static ssize_t hello_write(struct file *file,const char __user *buf,size_t count,loff_t *ppos){

	int val=0;
	int err=0;
	printk(KERN_ALERT "hello write function.\n");
	if(copy_from_user(&val,buf,count)){
		err= -EFAULT;
		goto out;
	}
	hello_device.val=val;
	printk(KERN_ALERT "write %d to kernel.\n",val);
	err=sizeof(val);
out:
	return err;

}
static struct file_operations hello_fops={

	.owner=THIS_MODULE,
	.open=hello_open,
	.release=hello_close,
	.write=hello_write,

};

static int __init hello_init(void){
		
	int err=0;
	dev_t devid;

	printk(KERN_ALERT "hello kernel1.\n");
#if 0
		major=register_chrdev(0,"hello",&hello_fops);
		devid=MKDEV(major,0);
#else
		if(major){
			devid=MKDEV(major,0);
			err=register_chrdev_region(devid,1,"hello");
			if(err<0){
				printk("Fail to register char dev region\n");
				goto fail;
			}
		}
		else{
			err=alloc_chrdev_region(&devid,0,1,"hello");
			if(err<0){
				printk("Fail to alloc char dev region\n");
				goto fail;
			}
			major=MAJOR(devid);
		}
	cdev_init(&(hello_device.dev),&hello_fops);
	hello_device.dev.owner=THIS_MODULE;
	cdev_add(&(hello_device.dev),devid,1);
#endif

	

	hello_class= class_create(THIS_MODULE,"hello_drv");
	device_create(hello_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "hello"); 

fail:
	return err;
}

static void __exit hello_exit(void){


	dev_t devid=MKDEV(major,0);
	printk(KERN_ALERT"exit kernel.\n");

	device_destroy(hello_class,MKDEV(major,0));
	class_destroy(hello_class);

	cdev_del(&(hello_device.dev));
	unregister_chrdev_region(devid,1);


}

module_init(hello_init);
module_exit(hello_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

测试程序

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

int main(){

	int fd=0;
	int val=4;
	fd=open("/dev/hello",O_RDWR);
	if(fd<0){
		printf("fail to open.\n");
	}
	write(fd,&val,sizeof(val));
	close(fd);
	return 0;

}

测试结果

三 、总结

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