Android手机拍照，相册拿取图片，压缩上传，7.0权限

Android6.0之后，动态申请权限已成常态。


调用摄像头拍照获取图片这个功能，需要动态申请 照相机权限、SD卡读写权限。


可是加了这些权限后，还是会报错。

从Android 7.0开始，一个应用提供自身文件给其它应用使用时，如果给出一个file://格式的URI的话，应用会抛出FileUriExposedException。

解决方法：

步骤一：在AndroidManifest.xml中添加如下代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="">

    <application
        >
        //复制以下这一段
        <provider
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="${applicationId}.provider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/provider_paths"/>
        </provider>

    </application>
</manifest>

步骤二：在res目录下新建一个xml文件夹，并且新建一个provider_paths的xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <!--"."表示所有路径-->
    <external-path name="external_files" path="."/>
</paths>

JAVA代码：

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.drawable.ColorDrawable;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.FileProvider;
import android.util.Base64;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.PopupWindow;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;



import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.inject.Inject;

import butterknife.BindView;

public class PersonalsettingsActivity extends BaseActivity implements PersonalsettingsView{
    

    private static final int MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE2 = 7;
    private static final int CROP_PHOTO = 2;
    private static final int MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE = 6;
    private static final int REQUEST_CODE_PICK_IMAGE=3;
    private File output;
    private Uri imageUri;
    //图片保存路径
    public String filePath;

    //头像
    @BindView(R.id.im_tx)
    ImageView im_tx;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
//        setContentView(R.layout.activity_personalsettings);
    }

    @Override
    protected int getLayout() {
        return R.layout.activity_personalsettings;
    }

    @Override
    protected void init(Bundle savedInstanceState) {


        //保存图片的路径
        filePath=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().
                getAbsolutePath()+"/a.png";

        

               setJump();

} 

 private void setJump() {
        
        im_txs.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //打开头像上传
                popupwin();




            }
        });
       
    }

    /**
     * 拍照
     */
    void takePhoto(){
        /**
         * 最后一个参数是文件夹的名称，可以随便起
         */




        File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"拍照");
        if(!file.exists()){
            file.mkdir();
        }
        /**
         * 这里将时间作为不同照片的名称
         */
        output=new File(file,"/paizhao.jpg");

        /**
         * 如果该文件夹已经存在，则删除它，否则创建一个
         */
        try {
            if (output.exists()) {
                output.delete();
            }
            output.createNewFile();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        /**
         * 隐式打开拍照的Activity，并且传入CROP_PHOTO常量作为拍照结束后回调的标志
         */
        imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(PersonalsettingsActivity.this, PersonalsettingsActivity.this.getApplicationContext().getPackageName() + ".provider",output );
//        imageUri = Uri.fromFile(output);
        Intent intent = new Intent("android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE");
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
        startActivityForResult(intent, CROP_PHOTO);

    }

    void choosePhoto(){
        /**
         * 打开选择图片的界面
         */
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
        intent.setType("image/*");//相片类型
        startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_PICK_IMAGE);

    }
    public void onActivityResult(int req, int res, Intent data) {
        switch (req) {
            /**
             //             * 拍照的请求标志
             //             */
            case CROP_PHOTO:
                if (res==RESULT_OK) {
                    try {
                        /**
                         * 该uri就是照片文件夹对应的uri
                         */

                        String imagePath = imageUri.toString();
                        imagePath=imagePath.substring(7,imagePath.length());

                        ysbitmao("1",output.toString());
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        Toast.makeText(PersonalsettingsActivity.this,"程序崩溃",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        String sss=e.toString();
                        sss.length();
                    }
                }
                else{
                    Log.i("tag", "失败");
                }

                break;
            /**
             * 从相册中选取图片的请求标志
             */

            case REQUEST_CODE_PICK_IMAGE:
                if (res == RESULT_OK) {

                    try {
                        /**
                         * 该uri是上一个Activity返回的
                         */



                        Uri imageUri = data.getData();
                        String[] filePathColumns = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
                        Cursor c = getContentResolver().query(imageUri, filePathColumns, null, null, null);
                        c.moveToFirst();
                        int columnIndex = c.getColumnIndex(filePathColumns[0]);
                        String imagePath = c.getString(columnIndex);
                        c.close();
                        ysbitmao("1",imagePath);
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                        Toast.makeText(PersonalsettingsActivity.this,"程序崩溃",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                }
                else{
                    Log.i("liang", "失败");
                }

                break;

            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        if (requestCode == MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE)
        {
            if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
            {
                //通过权限
            } else
            {
                // Permission Denied
                Toast.makeText(PersonalsettingsActivity.this, "Permission Denied", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }


        if (requestCode == MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE2)
        {
            if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
            {
                choosePhoto();
            } else
            {
                // Permission Denied
                Toast.makeText(PersonalsettingsActivity.this, "Permission Denied", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }

    //图片压缩

    public void ysbitmao(String s, String imagePath){
        // 设置参数
        BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true; // 只获取图片的大小信息，而不是将整张图片载入在内存中，避免内存溢出
        BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imagePath, options);
        int height = options.outHeight;
        int width= options.outWidth;
        int inSampleSize = 2; // 默认像素压缩比例，压缩为原图的1/2
        int minLen = Math.min(height, width); // 原图的最小边长
        if(minLen > 100) { // 如果原始图像的最小边长大于100dp（此处单位我认为是dp，而非px）
            float ratio = (float)minLen / 100.0f; // 计算像素压缩比例
            inSampleSize = (int)ratio;
        }
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = false; // 计算好压缩比例后，这次可以去加载原图了
        options.inSampleSize = inSampleSize; // 设置为刚才计算的压缩比例
        final Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imagePath, options); // 解码文件
//        Log.w("TAG", "size: " + bm.getByteCount() + " width: " + bm.getWidth() + " heigth:" + bm.getHeight()); // 输出图像数据
//         im_tx.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);
        im_tx.setImageBitmap(bm);
        
            //bitmap使用base64转码
            ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, baos);
            byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();
            //base64 encode
            byte[] encode = Base64.encode(bytes,Base64.DEFAULT);
            String encodeString = new String(encode);

        


    }
  

    
    public  void popupwin(){
        final View popupView = PersonalsettingsActivity.this.getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.popupwindow, null);
        Button paizhao=popupView.findViewById(R.id.paizhao);
        Button xiangce=popupView.findViewById(R.id.xiangce);
                // TODO: 2016/5/17 创建PopupWindow对象，指定宽度和高度

                final PopupWindow window = new PopupWindow(popupView,  LinearLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LinearLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
//                // TODO: 2016/5/17 设置动画
//                window.setAnimationStyle(R.style.popup_window_anim);
//                // TODO: 2016/5/17 设置背景颜色
                window.setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable(Color.parseColor("#00E0E0E0")));
                // TODO: 2016/5/17 设置可以获取焦点
                window.setFocusable(true);
                // TODO: 2016/5/17 设置可以触摸弹出框以外的区域
                window.setOutsideTouchable(true);
                // TODO：更新popupwindow的状态

                window.update();
                // TODO: 2016/5/17 以下拉的方式显示，并且可以设置显示的位置
                window.showAsDropDown(im_txs, 50, 0);

        popupView.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {

            public boolean onTouch(View arg0, MotionEvent arg1) {

                if (window != null && window.isShowing()) {
                    window.dismiss();
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
        });	//拍照调用
                paizhao.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(View view) {
                        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(PersonalsettingsActivity.this,
                                Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
                                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
                        {
                            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(PersonalsettingsActivity.this,
                                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
                                    MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE2);
                            window.dismiss();
                        }else {
                            takePhoto();
                            window.dismiss();

                        }
                    }
                });
//相册调用
                xiangce.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(View view) {
                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(PersonalsettingsActivity.this,
                        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
                        != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
                {
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(PersonalsettingsActivity.this,
                            new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
                            MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE2);
                    window.dismiss();
                }else {
                    choosePhoto();
                    window.dismiss();
                }
                    }
                });
    }
}

        其中图片上传我是做的一个base64转码上传，大家可以用其他方法去上传。