atol函数源码与关键问题

long __cdecl atol(
  const char *nptr
  )
{
  int c; /* current char */
  long total; /* current total */
  int sign; /* if '-', then negative, otherwise positive */

  /* skip whitespace */
  while ( isspace((int)(unsigned char)*nptr) )
  ++nptr;

  c = (int)(unsigned char)*nptr++; sign = c; /* save sign indication */
  if (c == '-' || c == '+')
  c = (int)(unsigned char)*nptr++; /* skip sign */

  total = 0;

  while (isdigit(c)) {
  total = 10 * total + (c - '0'); /* accumulate digit */
  c = (int)(unsigned char)*nptr++; /* get next char */
  }

  if (sign == '-')
  return -total;
  else
  return total; /* return result, negated if necessary */
}

此程序中为什么要在程序中做(int)(unsigned char)*nptr的强转？

const char *nptr，所以*nptr是char型，直接赋给int时如果char的最高位是1，就会被认为是负数，所以必须强制转换。
至于(int)这个会自动做，可以省去。

char c = 0x81;
printf("c = %d/n", c);

int a = (unsigned char)c;

printf("a = %d/n", a);

打印结果c=-127

    a=129