表的基础查询:
/*
语法:SELECT 查询列表 FROM 表名;
特点:查询的结果是一个虚拟的表格;
*/
#查询单个列:
SELECT first_name FROM employees;
#查询多个列:
SELECT first_name,last_name,salary FROM employees;
#查询所有列:
SELECT * FROM employees;
#查询常量值:
SELECT 100;
SELECT 'john';
#查询表达式:
SELECT 100%98;
#查询函数:
SELECT VERSION(); #查看mysql版本;
#起别名:
SELECT first_name AS 名,last_name AS 姓 FROM employees;
SELECT first_name 名,last_name 姓 FROM employee;
#当别名中出现特殊符号时:
SELECT salary AS "out put" FROM employees;
#去重
#案例:查询所有员工涉及到的部门编号:
SELECT DISTINCT department_id FROM employees;
#mysql中+的作用只是运算符,不可作为字符串的拼接符:
SELECT 100+90; #结果为190;
SELECT '123'+90; #结果为213,当字符串与数字相加时如果字符串能转成数值型,则相加;
SELECT 'john' + 90; #结果为90,当字符串无法转成数值型,则转为0,再与90相加;
SELECT NULL + 90; #只要出现一方为null,则结果为null;
#拼接
SELECT CONCAT('a','b','c'); #结果abc;
SELECT CONCAT(first_name,last_name) AS 姓名 FROM employees;