GreenDAO数据库版本升级

GreenDAO在进行默认的数据库升级时，会采取先删除所有的表，再全部重新建的操作，这就意味着所有的数据都会遗失。

public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
    Log.i("greenDAO", "Upgrading schema from version " + oldVersion + " to " + newVersion + " by dropping all tables");
    dropAllTables(db, true);//删除所有的表
    onCreate(db);//重新建表
}

因此为了在升级数据库时保存原有的数据，必须重写下onUpgrade里的代码。

说到底，保留数据的升级数据库的流程就是：

1.建一个零时表作为升级后的表，包括自己新建的字段。

2.将原来的表改名为零时表。

3.把原来的表中的数据copy到新建的零时表里。

此处贴上网上的一个数据转移的成品代码：

package com.android.mygreendao;

import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;

import de.greenrobot.dao.AbstractDao;
import de.greenrobot.dao.internal.DaoConfig;


import com.example.bean.DaoMaster;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by Fly on 2015/11/7.
 */
public class MigrationHelper {
    private static final String CONVERSION_CLASS_NOT_FOUND_EXCEPTION = "MIGRATION HELPER - CLASS DOESN'T MATCH WITH THE CURRENT PARAMETERS";
    private static MigrationHelper instance;

    public static MigrationHelper getInstance() {
        if(instance == null) {
            instance = new MigrationHelper();
        }
        return instance;
    }

    public void migrate(SQLiteDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        generateTempTables(db, daoClasses);
        DaoMaster.dropAllTables(db, true);
        DaoMaster.createAllTables(db, false);
        restoreData(db, daoClasses);
    }

    private void generateTempTables(SQLiteDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        for(int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
            DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);

            String divider = "";
            String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
            String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
            ArrayList<String> properties = new ArrayList<String>();

            StringBuilder createTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();

            createTableStringBuilder.append("CREATE TABLE ").append(tempTableName).append(" (");

            for(int j = 0; j < daoConfig.properties.length; j++) {
                String columnName = daoConfig.properties[j].columnName;

                if(getColumns(db, tableName).contains(columnName)) {
                    properties.add(columnName);

                    String type = null;

                    try {
                        type = getTypeByClass(daoConfig.properties[j].type);
                    } catch (Exception exception) {
                    }

                    createTableStringBuilder.append(divider).append(columnName).append(" ").append(type);

                    if(daoConfig.properties[j].primaryKey) {
                        createTableStringBuilder.append(" PRIMARY KEY");
                    }

                    divider = ",";
                }
            }
            createTableStringBuilder.append(");");

            db.execSQL(createTableStringBuilder.toString());

            StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();

            insertTableStringBuilder.append("INSERT INTO ").append(tempTableName).append(" (");
            insertTableStringBuilder.append(TextUtils.join(",", properties));
            insertTableStringBuilder.append(") SELECT ");
            insertTableStringBuilder.append(TextUtils.join(",", properties));
            insertTableStringBuilder.append(" FROM ").append(tableName).append(";");

            db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
        }
    }

    private void restoreData(SQLiteDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        for(int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
            DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);

            String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
            String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
            ArrayList<String> properties = new ArrayList();

            for (int j = 0; j < daoConfig.properties.length; j++) {
                String columnName = daoConfig.properties[j].columnName;

                if(getColumns(db, tempTableName).contains(columnName)) {
                    properties.add(columnName);
                }
            }

            StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();

            insertTableStringBuilder.append("INSERT INTO ").append(tableName).append(" (");
            insertTableStringBuilder.append(TextUtils.join(",", properties));
            insertTableStringBuilder.append(") SELECT ");
            insertTableStringBuilder.append(TextUtils.join(",", properties));
            insertTableStringBuilder.append(" FROM ").append(tempTableName).append(";");

            StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();

            dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE ").append(tempTableName);

            db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
            db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());
        }
    }

    private String getTypeByClass(Class<?> type) throws Exception {
        if(type.equals(String.class)) {
            return "TEXT";
        }
        if(type.equals(Long.class) || type.equals(Integer.class) || type.equals(long.class)) {
            return "INTEGER";
        }
        if(type.equals(Boolean.class)) {
            return "BOOLEAN";
        }

        Exception exception = new Exception(CONVERSION_CLASS_NOT_FOUND_EXCEPTION.concat(" - Class: ").concat(type.toString()));
        throw exception;
    }

    private static List<String> getColumns(SQLiteDatabase db, String tableName) {
        List<String> columns = new ArrayList<String>();
        Cursor cursor = null;
        try {
            cursor = db.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM " + tableName + " limit 1", null);
            if (cursor != null) {
                columns = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(cursor.getColumnNames()));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.v(tableName, e.getMessage(), e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null)
                cursor.close();
        }
        return columns;
    }
}

整个升级的过程分为：

1.在生成DAO文件的java代码里加入你要新建的或者修改的表的信息，run。

2.此时所有的DAO文件和表文件全部重置，改变DaoMaster文件里的SCHEMA_VERSION ，改成比刚才大1（一定要高于刚才的值，不然会报错无法更新）。

3.重写onUpgrade里的代码：

public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
    Log.i("greenDAO", "Upgrading schema from version " + oldVersion + " to " + newVersion + " by dropping all tables");
    //dropAllTables(db, true);
    //onCreate(db);
    MigrationHelper.getInstance().migrate(db,NoteDao.class);
}

至此，保留数据的GreenDAO数据库升级完成。