Android RecyclerView使用Demo

1.RecyclerView，源码中的定义：

A flexible view for providing a limited window into a large data set.

简单的说法就是在有限的空间里展示大量的数据。
2.使用前准备：

(1).首先要建立两个layout文件：一个是引入RecyclerView组件，另一个是RecyclerView中的item布局，这一点跟ListView类似。
引入RecyclerView组件(fragment_reports_list.xml，该文件中需要引用item的布局文件)：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/list"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
android:layout_marginRight="16dp"
app:layoutManager="LinearLayoutManager"
//引用item的布局文件
tools:listitem="@layout/fragment_news" />

RecyclerView中的item布局（fragment_news.xml）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/id"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="@dimen/text_margin"
        android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceListItem" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="@dimen/text_margin"
        android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceListItem" />
</LinearLayout>

(2):同ListView一样，RecyclerView也需要实现自己的adapter，只是RecyclerView的adapter需要继承RecyclerView.Adapter而不是BaseAdapter。实现RecyclerView的adapter：

public class MyRecyclerViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ViewHolder>{

        List<DummyContent.DummyItem> list;

        public MyRecyclerViewAdapter(List<DummyContent.DummyItem> list){
            this.list = list;
        }

        @Override
        public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
            View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.fragment_news, parent, false);
            return new ViewHolder(view);
        }

        @Override
        public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
            holder.mItem = list.get(position);
            final String itemId = list.get(position).id;
            holder.mIdView.setText(list.get(position).id);
            holder.mContentView.setText(list.get(position).content);
            holder.mContentView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    //组件点击事件
                }
            });
        }
        @Override
        public int getItemCount() {
            return list.size();
        }

        public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
            public final View mView;
            public final TextView mIdView;
            public final TextView mContentView;
            public DummyContent.DummyItem mItem;

            public ViewHolder(View view) {
                super(view);
                mView = view;
                mIdView = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.id);
                mContentView = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.content);
            }

            @Override
            public String toString() {
                return super.toString() + " '" + mContentView.getText() + "'";
            }
        }
    }

这里的DummyContent.DummyItem和DummyContent使用官方demo自带的定义类：

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Helper class for providing sample content for user interfaces created by
 * Android template wizards.
 * <p/>
 * TODO: Replace all uses of this class before publishing your app.
 */
public class DummyContent {

    /**
     * An array of sample (dummy) items.
     */
    public static final List<DummyItem> ITEMS = new ArrayList<DummyItem>();

    /**
     * A map of sample (dummy) items, by ID.
     */
    public static final Map<String, DummyItem> ITEM_MAP = new HashMap<String, DummyItem>();

    private static final int COUNT = 25;

    static {
        // Add some sample items.
        for (int i = 1; i <= COUNT; i++) {
            addItem(createDummyItem(i));
        }
    }

    private static void addItem(DummyItem item) {
        ITEMS.add(item);
        ITEM_MAP.put(item.id, item);
    }

    private static DummyItem createDummyItem(int position) {
        return new DummyItem(String.valueOf(position), "Item " + position, makeDetails(position));
    }

    private static String makeDetails(int position) {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        builder.append("Details about Item: ").append(position);
        for (int i = 0; i < position; i++) {
            builder.append("\nMore details information here.");
        }
        return builder.toString();
    }

    /**
     * A dummy item representing a piece of content.
     */
    public static class DummyItem {
        public final String id;
        public final String content;
        public final String details;

        public DummyItem(String id, String content, String details) {
            this.id = id;
            this.content = content;
            this.details = details;
        }
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return content;
        }
    }
}

(3).最后就是在fragment或者activity中开始使用RecyclerView：

View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_reports_list, container, false);
RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) view.findViewById(R.id.list);
MyRecyclerViewAdapter adapter = new MyRecyclerViewAdapter(DummyContent.ITEMS);
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);

利用Android studio新建工程时选择Master/Detail Flow时可以自动生成关于RecyclerView的demo。