java多线程之Thread与runnable的区别

创建新执行线程有两种方法。一种方法是将类声明为 Thread 的子类。该子类应重写 Thread 类的 run 方法。接下来可以分配并启动该子类的实例。例如，计算大于某一规定值的质数的线程可以写成：

---

     class PrimeThread extends Thread {
         long minPrime;
         PrimeThread(long minPrime) {
             this.minPrime = minPrime;
         }
 
         public void run() {
             // compute primes larger than minPrime
              . . .
         }
     }
 

---

然后，下列代码会创建并启动一个线程：

     PrimeThread p = new PrimeThread(143);
     p.start();
 

创建线程的另一种方法是声明实现 Runnable 接口的类。该类然后实现 run 方法。然后可以分配该类的实例，在创建Thread 时作为一个参数来传递并启动。采用这种风格的同一个例子如下所示：

---

     class PrimeRun implements Runnable {
         long minPrime;
         PrimeRun(long minPrime) {
             this.minPrime = minPrime;
         }
 
         public void run() {
             // compute primes larger than minPrime
              . . .
         }
     }
 

---

然后，下列代码会创建并启动一个线程：

     PrimeRun p = new PrimeRun(143);
     new Thread(p).start();
 

每个线程都有一个标识名，多个线程可以同名。如果线程创建时没有指定标识名，就会为其生成一个新名称。

以下举一个例子：

package com.wanggang.java.test;

public class ThreadTest2 {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		RunnableTestClass rtc = new RunnableTestClass();
		ThreadTestClass5 ttc1 = new ThreadTestClass5();
		ThreadTestClass5 ttc2 = new ThreadTestClass5();
	    //写法一，thread和runnable都不共享资源	
/*		Thread t1 = new Thread(rtc);
		Thread t2 = new Thread(rtc);
		t1.start();
		t2.start();
		ttc1.start();
		ttc2.start();*/
		
	    //写法二，thread不共享资源	，而runnable共享资源。
		//new多个进程对一个地址引用进行处理	
		new Thread(rtc).start();
		new Thread(rtc).start();
		new Thread(ttc1).start();
		new Thread(ttc2).start();
		
	    //写法三，thread不共享资源	，而runnable共享资源。会抛异常，不能对一个Thread多次start。
/*		Thread t3 = new Thread(rtc);
		t3.start();
		t3.start();
		new Thread(ttc1).start();
		new Thread(ttc2).start();
*/		

		
	}

}
class RunnableTestClass implements Runnable {
	private int ticket=10;
	public void run() {
			for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
			System.out.println("Runnable ,number is " + ticket--);
	}
}
class ThreadTestClass5 extends Thread{
	private int ticket=10;
	public void run() {
			for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
			System.out.println("thread ,number is " + ticket--);
	}
}

写法一的运行结果是：

Runnable ,number is 10
Runnable ,number is 8
Runnable ,number is 7
Runnable ,number is 6
Runnable ,number is 9
thread ,number is 10
thread ,number is 9
Runnable ,number is 4
thread ,number is 10
Runnable ,number is 5
thread ,number is 9
Runnable ,number is 3
Runnable ,number is 1
thread ,number is 8
Runnable ,number is 0
thread ,number is 8
thread ,number is 7
Runnable ,number is 2
thread ,number is 6
Runnable ,number is -1
thread ,number is 7
Runnable ,number is -3
thread ,number is 5
Runnable ,number is -2
thread ,number is 4
Runnable ,number is -4
Runnable ,number is -6
Runnable ,number is -7
thread ,number is 6
thread ,number is 5
thread ,number is 3
Runnable ,number is -5
thread ,number is 2
thread ,number is 1
thread ,number is 4
Runnable ,number is -8
thread ,number is 3
Runnable ,number is -9
thread ,number is 2
thread ,number is 1

写法二的运行结果是：

Runnable ,number is 10
Runnable ,number is 8
Runnable ,number is 7
Runnable ,number is 6
Runnable ,number is 5
Runnable ,number is 9
Runnable ,number is 4
thread ,number is 10
thread ,number is 10
thread ,number is 9
thread ,number is 9
Runnable ,number is 2
Runnable ,number is 3
Runnable ,number is 1
thread ,number is 8
thread ,number is 8
thread ,number is 7
thread ,number is 6
thread ,number is 5
Runnable ,number is -1
Runnable ,number is -2
Runnable ,number is 0
Runnable ,number is -3
Runnable ,number is -4
Runnable ,number is -5
Runnable ,number is -6
Runnable ,number is -7
Runnable ,number is -8
Runnable ,number is -9
thread ,number is 4
thread ,number is 3
thread ,number is 2
thread ,number is 1
thread ,number is 7
thread ,number is 6
thread ,number is 5
thread ,number is 4
thread ,number is 3
thread ,number is 2
thread ,number is 1

写法三的运行结果是：

Exception in thread "main" Runnable ,number is 10
Runnable ,number is 9
Runnable ,number is 8
Runnable ,number is 7
java.lang.IllegalThreadStateException
    at java.lang.Thread.start(Unknown Source)
    at com.wanggang.java.test.ThreadTest2.main(ThreadTest2.java:28)
Runnable ,number is 6
Runnable ,number is 5
Runnable ,number is 4
Runnable ,number is 3
Runnable ,number is 2
Runnable ,number is 1

所以，建议使用runnable接口，便于共享资源。

public class Thread
   
   
    
    extends 
    
    Object
   
   
   
   
    
    implements 
    
    Runnable
   
   

Thread类也是继承了runnable接口。