axios
axios
必须先导入才可以使用- 使用
get
或post
方法即可发送对应的请求 then
方法中的回调函数会在请求成功或失败时触发- 通过回调函数的形参可以获取响应内容,或错误信息
// 导入 axios
< script src = "https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js" > < /script>
// 发送请求
axios.get(地址 ? key = value & key2 = values).then(function(response) {}, function(err) {})
axios.post(地址, {
key: value,
key2: value2
}).then(function(response) {}, function(err) {})
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge" />
<title>axios基本使用</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="get请求" class="get">
<input type="button" value="post请求" class="post">
<!-- 官网提供的 axios 在线地址 -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
<script>
/*
接口1:随机笑话
请求地址:https://autumnfish.cn/api/joke/list
请求方法:get
请求参数:num(笑话条数,数字)
响应内容:随机笑话
*/
document.querySelector(".get").onclick = function () {
axios.get("https://autumnfish.cn/api/joke/list?num=6")
// axios.get("https://autumnfish.cn/api/joke/list1234?num=6")
.then(function (response) {
console.log(response);
},function(err){
console.log(err);
})
}
/*
接口2:用户注册
请求地址:https://autumnfish.cn/api/user/reg
请求方法:post
请求参数:username(用户名,字符串)
响应内容:注册成功或失败
*/
document.querySelector(".post").onclick = function () {
axios.post("https://autumnfish.cn/api/user/reg",{username:"凡小多"})
.then(function(response){
console.log(response);
console.log(this.skill);
},function (err) {
console.log(err);
})
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
axios 和 vue 结合使用
var app = new Vue({
el: "#app",
data: {
joke: "搞笑的笑话"
},
methods: {
getJokes: function() {
// this.joke = 搞笑的笑话
const that = this;
axios.get("地址").then(function(response) {
// this.joke = response.data
}, function(err) {});
}
}
})
axios
回调函数中的this
已经改变,无法访问到data
中数据- 把
this
保存起来,回调函数中直接使用保存的this
即可 - 和本地应用的最大区别就是改变了
数据来源
【案例:查询天气】
服务器返回的数据比较复杂时,获取的时候需要注意层级结构
参考代码
html页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge" />
<title>天气查询</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/reset.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="wrap" id="app">
<div class="search_form">
<div class="logo"><img src="img/logo.png" alt="logo" /></div>
<div class="form_group">
<input type="text" class="input_txt" placeholder="请输入查询的天气" v-model="city"
@keyup.enter="queryWeather" />
<button class="input_sub" @click="queryWeather">
搜 索
</button>
</div>
<div class="hotkey">
<!-- <a href="javascript:;" @click="clickSearch('北京')">北京</a>
<a href="javascript:;" @click="clickSearch('上海')">上海</a>
<a href="javascript:;" @click="clickSearch('广州')">广州</a>
<a href="javascript:;" @click="clickSearch('深圳')">深圳</a> -->
<a href="javascript:;" v-for="city in hotCitys" @click="clickSearch(city)">{{ city }}</a>
</div>
</div>
<ul class="weather_list">
<li v-for="(item,index) in forecastList" :key="item.date" :style="{transitionDelay:index*100+'ms'}">
<div class="info_type">
<span class="iconfont">{{ item.type }}</span>
</div>
<div class="info_temp">
<b>{{ item.low}}</b>
~
<b>{{ item.high}}</b>
</div>
<div class="info_date">
<span>{{ item.date }}</span>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- 开发环境版本,包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
<!-- 官网提供的 axios 在线地址 -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
<script>
new Vue({
el: "#app",
data: {
city: "武汉",
forecastList: [],
hotCitys: ["北京", "上海", "广州", "深圳"]
},
methods: {
queryWeather() {
this.forecastList = [];
axios
.get(`http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini?city=${this.city}`)
.then(res => {
console.log(res);
this.forecastList = res.data.data.forecast;
})
.catch(err => {
console.log(err);
})
.finally(() => {});
},
clickSearch(city) {
this.city = city;
this.queryWeather();
}
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
reset.css页面
body,
ul,
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
font-size: 100%;
font-weight: normal;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
}
ul {
list-style: none;
}
img {
border: 0px;
}
/* 清除浮动,解决margin-top塌陷 */
.clearfix:before,
.clearfix:after {
content: '';
display: table;
}
.clearfix:after {
clear: both;
}
.clearfix {
zoom: 1;
}
.fl {
float: left;
}
.fr {
float: right;
}
index.css页面
body {
font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei';
}
.wrap {
position: fixed;
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
/* background: radial-gradient(#f3fbfe, #e4f5fd, #8fd5f4); */
/* background:#8fd5f4; */
/* background: linear-gradient(#6bc6ee, #fff); */
background: #fff;
}
.search_form {
width: 640px;
margin: 100px auto 0;
}
.logo img {
display: block;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.form_group {
width: 640px;
height: 40px;
margin-top: 45px;
}
.input_txt {
width: 538px;
height: 38px;
padding: 0px;
float: left;
border: 1px solid #41a1cb;
outline: none;
text-indent: 10px;
}
.input_sub {
width: 100px;
height: 40px;
border: 0px;
float: left;
background-color: #41a1cb;
color: #fff;
font-size: 16px;
outline: none;
cursor: pointer;
position: relative;
}
.input_sub.loading::before {
content: '';
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background: url('../img/loading.gif');
}
.hotkey {
margin: 3px 0 0 2px;
}
.hotkey a {
font-size: 14px;
color: #666;
padding-right: 15px;
}
.weather_list {
height: 200px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 50px;
font-size: 0px;
}
.weather_list li {
display: inline-block;
width: 140px;
height: 200px;
padding: 0 10px;
overflow: hidden;
position: relative;
background: url('../img/line.png') right center no-repeat;
background-size: 1px 130px;
}
.weather_list li:last-child {
background: none;
}
/* .weather_list .col02{
background-color: rgba(65, 165, 158, 0.8);
}
.weather_list .col03{
background-color: rgba(94, 194, 237, 0.8);
}
.weather_list .col04{
background-color: rgba(69, 137, 176, 0.8);
}
.weather_list .col05{
background-color: rgba(118, 113, 223, 0.8);
} */
.info_date {
width: 100%;
height: 40px;
line-height: 40px;
color: #999;
font-size: 14px;
left: 0px;
bottom: 0px;
margin-top: 15px;
}
.info_date b {
float: left;
margin-left: 15px;
}
.info_type span {
color: #fda252;
font-size: 30px;
line-height: 80px;
}
.info_temp {
font-size: 14px;
color: #fda252;
}
.info_temp b {
font-size: 13px;
}
.tem .iconfont {
font-size: 50px;
}
演示图