java后端系统架构之消息队列篇：kafka的实验

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-26 17:31:27 发布

lantu0

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-26 17:31:27 发布

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文章标签：队列系统架构

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wh0426/article/details/44955365

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1.kafka安装

tar -xzf kafka_2.10-0.8.2.1.tgz
cd kafka_2.10-0.8.2.1

2.启动

主机环境

top - 11:32:15 up 118 days, 8:18, 4 users, load average: 1.97, 3.45, 4.45
Tasks: 152 total, 1 running, 151 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu0 : 15.0%us, 13.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 68.0%id, 3.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 1.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu1 : 26.2%us, 15.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 56.8%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 2.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu2 : 62.7%us, 13.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 18.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 5.3%si, 0.0%st
Cpu3 : 16.6%us, 14.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 66.1%id, 2.7%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.7%si, 0.0%st

启动kafka zookeeper进程

bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh config/zookeeper.properties &

启动leader
bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server.properties &

启动follower 1

bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server-1.properties &

启动follower 2

bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server-2.properties &

3.实验准备

1.创建kafka主题队列
bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic page_visits1

2.查看Kafka主题队列是否加入数据
bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic page_visits1 --from-beginning

4.常见异常

解决FailedToSendMessageException问题。
kafka.common.FailedToSendMessageException: Failed to send messages after 3 tries.
at kafka.producer.async.DefaultEventHandler.handle(DefaultEventHandler.scala:90)
修改config/server.properties中 host.name=主机地址

5.写入主题消息

TestProducer

package kafka.client;


import java.util.*;


import kafka.javaapi.producer.Producer;
import kafka.producer.KeyedMessage;
import kafka.producer.ProducerConfig;
 
public class TestProducer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        long events = 1000000;
        Random rnd = new Random();
 
        Properties props = new Properties();
        //props.put("zk.connect", "192.168.161.73:2181");
        props.put("metadata.broker.list", "192.168.161.73:9092");
        props.put("serializer.class", "kafka.serializer.StringEncoder"); 
       // props.put("zookeeper.session.timeout.ms", "400000");
        props.put("partitioner.class", "kafka.client.SimplePartitioner");
        //props.put("request.required.acks", "1");
 
        ProducerConfig config = new ProducerConfig(props);
 
        Producer<String, String> producer = new Producer<String, String>(config);
 
        long begin= System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (long nEvents = 0; nEvents < events; nEvents++) { 
               long runtime = new Date().getTime();  
               String ip = "192.168.2." + rnd.nextInt(255); 
               String msg = runtime + ",www.example.com," + ip; 
               KeyedMessage<String, String> data = new KeyedMessage<String, String>("page_visits1", runtime+"",ip, msg);
               producer.send(data);
        }
        long end= System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("cost time:"+(end-begin));
        producer.close();
    }
}

6.消费主题消息

SimplePartitioner 可选

package kafka.client;
import kafka.producer.Partitioner;
import kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties;
 
public class SimplePartitioner implements Partitioner {
    public SimplePartitioner (VerifiableProperties props) {
 
    }
 
    public int partition(Object key, int a_numPartitions) {
        int partition = 0;
        String stringKey = (String) key;
        int offset = stringKey.lastIndexOf('.');
        if (offset > 0) {
           partition = Integer.parseInt( stringKey.substring(offset+1)) % a_numPartitions;
        }
       return partition;
  }
 
}

ConsumerGroupExample

package kafka.client;
import kafka.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import kafka.consumer.KafkaStream;
import kafka.javaapi.consumer.ConsumerConnector;
 

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
public class ConsumerGroupExample {
    private final ConsumerConnector consumer;
    private final String topic;
    private  ExecutorService executor;
 
    public ConsumerGroupExample(String a_zookeeper, String a_groupId, String a_topic) {
        consumer = kafka.consumer.Consumer.createJavaConsumerConnector(
                createConsumerConfig(a_zookeeper, a_groupId));
        this.topic = a_topic;
    }
 
    public void shutdown() {
        if (consumer != null) consumer.shutdown();
        if (executor != null) executor.shutdown();
        try {
            if (!executor.awaitTermination(5000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
                System.out.println("Timed out waiting for consumer threads to shut down, exiting uncleanly");
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println("Interrupted during shutdown, exiting uncleanly");
        }
   }
 
    public void run(int a_numThreads) {
        Map<String, Integer> topicCountMap = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
        topicCountMap.put(topic, new Integer(a_numThreads));
        Map<String, List<KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]>>> consumerMap = consumer.createMessageStreams(topicCountMap);
        List<KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]>> streams = consumerMap.get(topic);
        
        // now launch all the threads
        //
        executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(a_numThreads);
 
        // now create an object to consume the messages
        //
        int threadNumber = 0;
        for (final KafkaStream stream : streams) {
            executor.submit(new ConsumerTest(stream, threadNumber));
            threadNumber++;
        }
    }
 
    private static ConsumerConfig createConsumerConfig(String a_zookeeper, String a_groupId) {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("zookeeper.connect", a_zookeeper);
        props.put("group.id", a_groupId);
        props.put("zookeeper.session.timeout.ms", "400");
        props.put("zookeeper.sync.time.ms", "200");
        props.put("auto.commit.interval.ms", "1000");
 
        return new ConsumerConfig(props);
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String zooKeeper = "192.168.161.73:2181";
        String groupId = "testgroup";
        String topic = "page_visits1";
        int threads = Integer.parseInt("10");
 
        ConsumerGroupExample example = new ConsumerGroupExample(zooKeeper, groupId, topic);
        example.run(threads);
 
        try {
            Thread.sleep(10000);
        } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
 
        }
        example.shutdown();
    }
}

ConsumerTest

package kafka.client;


import java.util.concurrent.Callable;


import kafka.consumer.ConsumerIterator;
import kafka.consumer.KafkaStream;
 
public class ConsumerTest implements Runnable {
    private KafkaStream m_stream;
    private int m_threadNumber;
 
    public ConsumerTest(KafkaStream a_stream, int a_threadNumber) {
        m_threadNumber = a_threadNumber;
        m_stream = a_stream;
    }
 
    public void run() {
        long begin= System.currentTimeMillis();
        ConsumerIterator<byte[], byte[]> it = m_stream.iterator();
        System.out.println( "stream.iterator cost time="+(begin-begin));
       // int s= m_stream.size();
        long begin1= System.currentTimeMillis();
        int s=0;
        String val="";
        while (it.hasNext()){
         val=String.valueOf(it.next().message());
        if(s%10000==0) {
           System.out.println("Thread " + m_threadNumber + ": "+val );}
          s++;
        }
       
        System.out.println("Shutting down Thread: " + m_threadNumber);
        long end= System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("thread "+m_threadNumber+ " cost time="+(end-begin)+",queue counter="+s);
    }
}

7.测试

1.运行TestProducer，向page_visits1主题发布消息。

第一次运行

./run-producter.sh
[INFO] starting ...
SERVER_HOME=/root/kafka-test
-Xms2048M -Xmx2048M -XX:MaxPermSize=1024M -XX:PermSize=512M -XX:+UseG1GC
BOOTCMD=java -cp /root/kafka-test/conf:/root/kafka-test/lib:/root/kafka-test/lib/* kafka.client.TestProducer
java -cp /root/kafka-test/conf:/root/kafka-test/lib:/root/kafka-test/lib/* kafka.client.TestProducer
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
cost time:150936 。即150秒.

第二次运行：

2.运行ConsumerGroupExample，消息page_visits1主题消息

第一次运行：

./run-consumer.sh
[INFO] starting ...
SERVER_HOME=/root/kafka-test
-Xms2048M -Xmx2048M -XX:MaxPermSize=1024M -XX:PermSize=512M -XX:+UseG1GC
BOOTCMD=java -cp /root/kafka-test/conf:/root/kafka-test/lib:/root/kafka-test/lib/* kafka.client.ConsumerGroupExample
java -cp /root/kafka-test/conf:/root/kafka-test/lib:/root/kafka-test/lib/* kafka.client.ConsumerGroupExample
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
Shutting down Thread: 9
thread 9 cost time=10029,queue counter=98576
Shutting down Thread: 4
thread 4 cost time=10045,queue counter=97970
Shutting down Thread: 0
thread 0 cost time=10048,queue counter=101707
Shutting down Thread: 8
thread 8 cost time=10030,queue counter=101870
Shutting down Thread: 1
thread 1 cost time=10048,queue counter=97799
Shutting down Thread: 7
thread 7 cost time=10038,queue counter=97865
Shutting down Thread: 5
Shutting down Thread: 6
thread 5 cost time=10038,queue counter=102579
Shutting down Thread: 2
thread 2 cost time=10047,queue counter=102181
thread 6 cost time=10045,queue counter=97463
Shutting down Thread: 3
thread 3 cost time=10047,queue counter=101990

top - 11:36:04 up 118 days, 8:22, 4 users, load average: 0.80, 2.21, 3.76
Tasks: 151 total, 1 running, 150 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu0 : 13.3%us, 46.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 40.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu1 : 16.2%us, 36.8%sy, 0.0%ni, 47.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Cpu2 : 17.3%us, 37.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 44.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 1.3%si, 0.0%st
Cpu3 : 15.3%us, 37.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 44.4%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 2.8%si, 0.0%st

完成所有消息消费，约100秒钟

第二次运行：

./run-consumer.sh
[INFO] starting ...
SERVER_HOME=/root/kafka-test
-Xms2048M -Xmx2048M -XX:MaxPermSize=1024M -XX:PermSize=512M -XX:+UseG1GC
BOOTCMD=java -cp /root/kafka-test/conf:/root/kafka-test/lib:/root/kafka-test/lib/* kafka.client.ConsumerGroupExample
java -cp /root/kafka-test/conf:/root/kafka-test/lib:/root/kafka-test/lib/* kafka.client.ConsumerGroupExample
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
Shutting down Thread: 9
Shutting down Thread: 1
thread 9 cost time=10026,queue counter=0
Shutting down Thread: 4
Shutting down Thread: 0
Shutting down Thread: 8
thread 0 cost time=10037,queue counter=0
thread 4 cost time=10028,queue counter=0
Shutting down Thread: 7
thread 7 cost time=10027,queue counter=0
thread 1 cost time=10027,queue counter=0
thread 8 cost time=10027,queue counter=0
Shutting down Thread: 2
thread 2 cost time=10034,queue counter=0
Shutting down Thread: 6
thread 6 cost time=10028,queue counter=0
Shutting down Thread: 5
thread 5 cost time=10028,queue counter=0
Shutting down Thread: 3
thread 3 cost time=10034,queue counter=0

无任何消息消费。居然发现cost time与第一次相同。说明每个线程耗用10s，是线程run从开始到线程结束，所需要的时间。

实验代码地址：

https://code.csdn.net/wh0426/kafkademo/tree/master

8.结论

1.Kafka队列消息插入速度非常快，发布100W请求，耗时150秒。

2.Kafka队列消息消费也非常快，消费100W请求，耗时100秒

3.kfaka队列支持Partition分区功能，默认按key进行hash分区，自定义扩展实现 Partitioner接口，并指定partitioner.class属性配置为自定义扩展类。

bin/kafka-topics.sh --describe --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic page_visits1

Topic:page_visits1 PartitionCount:10 ReplicationFactor:1 Configs:
Topic: page_visits1 Partition: 0 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2 Isr: 2
Topic: page_visits1 Partition: 1 Leader: 0 Replicas: 0 Isr: 0
Topic: page_visits1 Partition: 2 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2 Isr: 2
Topic: page_visits1 Partition: 3 Leader: 0 Replicas: 0 Isr: 0
Topic: page_visits1 Partition: 4 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2 Isr: 2
Topic: page_visits1 Partition: 5 Leader: 0 Replicas: 0 Isr: 0
Topic: page_visits1 Partition: 6 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2 Isr: 2
Topic: page_visits1 Partition: 7 Leader: 0 Replicas: 0 Isr: 0
Topic: page_visits1 Partition: 8 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2 Isr: 2
Topic: page_visits1 Partition: 9 Leader: 0 Replicas: 0 Isr: 0

4.后续需要测试单点故障，当一台leader kafka 失败后，剩余的follower是否可以继续接管任务。