本篇讲述tomcatmsm，实现由memcached集中式管理会话模式。
实验环境
| 主机 | 端口 | 开源软件 |
| 192.168.161.73 | 8081 | tomcat |
| 192.168.161.73 | 8080 | tomcat |
| 192.168.161.73 | 11213 | memcached |
| 192.168.161.73 | 11214 | memcached |
| 192.168.161.73 | 8888 | nginx |
说明：
8080、8081分别为tomcat两实例;
11212、11213分别为memcached两实例;
web应用示例工程casdemo部署在tomcat两实例上。
Nginx8888端口，如果为非80端口，用ngnix分发tomcat中J2ee应用重定向会自动跳转到80端口，需要做特殊处理。
MSM介绍
传统tomcat集群，会话复制随着结点数增多，扩展性成为瓶颈。Msm使用memcached完成统一管理tomcat会话，避免tomcat结点间过多会话复制。MSM会话分为sticky与no-ticky模式。
sticky：会话粘连模式。客户端在一台tomcat实例上完成登录后，以后的请求均会根据IP直接绑定到该tomcat实例。
no-sticky:会话非粘连模式。客户端的请求是随机分发，多台tomcat实例均会收到请求。
MSM依赖包
spymemcached-2.11.1.jar
reflectasm-1.01.jar
msm-kryo-serializer-1.8.3.jar
msm-javolution-serializer-1.8.3.jar
msm-flexjson-serializer-1.8.3.jar
minlog-1.2.jar
memcached-session-manager-tc8-1.8.3.jar--tc8为tomcat的版本号。不同版本号tomcat，对应的包不同。此处为tomcat8的jar包
memcached-session-manager-1.8.3.jar
kryo-serializers-0.11.jar
kryo-1.04.jar
asm-3.2.jar
放到tomcat/lib下
tomcat配置
1.8080端口tomcat实例关键配置
修改tomcat目录下conf/server.xml。修改的内容下面用红色加粗标注。
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1"> ---非必选 ，只有选择了sticky模式才加入jvmRoute属性。不同的tomcat实例 jvmRoute取值不能相同。例：8080端口的tomcat实例jvmRoute=tomcat1,8081端口的tomcat实例jvmRoute=tomcat22.8081端口tomcat实例关键配置
<Server port="9005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
<Connector port="9009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2"> ---非必选 ，只有选择了sticky模式才加入jvmRoute属性。不同的tomcat实例 jvmRoute取值不能相同。例：8080端口的tomcat实例jvmRoute=tomcat1,8081端口的tomcat实例jvmRoute=tomcat2
3.msm配置
修改tomcat目录下conf/context.xml。修改的内容下面用红色加粗标注。
No-Stick模式
<Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"
memcachedNodes="n1:192.168.161.73:11213,n2:192.168.161.73:11214"
lockingMode="auto"
sticky="false"
requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(png|gif|jpg|css|js|ico|jpeg|htm|html)$"
sessionBackupAsync="false"
sessionBackupTimeout="1800000"
copyCollectionsForSerialization="false" transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory" />
Stick模式
<Manager
className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager" memcachedNodes="n1:192.168.161.73:11213,n2:192.168.161.73:11214"
lockingMode="auto"
sticky="true"
failoverNodes="n1"
requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(png|gif|jpg|css|js|ico|jpeg|htm|html)$" transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTransco
derFactory" />运行memcached
1.运行11213端口memcached实例
./memcached-d-m128-p11213-uroot
2.运行11214端口memcached实例
./memcached-d-m128-p11214-uroot
运行ngnix
cdsbin
./ngnix
conf/nginx.conf供参考
#user nobody;
user root root;
worker_processes 2;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#error_log logs/error.log;
error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log logs/access.log main;
#控制缓冲区溢出攻击
client_body_buffer_size 1K;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
client_max_body_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 2 1k;
##cache##
proxy_connect_timeout 5;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 5;
proxy_buffer_size 16k;
proxy_buffers 4 64k;
gzip_proxied any;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
proxy_temp_path /home/temp_dir;
proxy_cache_path /home/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=1g;
#gzip#
gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 4;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
upstream tc{
#ip_hash;
server 192.168.161.73:8080;
server 192.168.161.73:8081;
}
server {
listen 8888;
server_name localhost;
charset utf-8;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location /casdemo {
proxy_pass http://tc/casdemo/;
# $server_port 可以不要，只有nginx的端口是非80情况下有效
proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
#proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
#proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
location ~ .*\.(jsp|do|action)?$
{
# $server_port 可以不要，只有nginx的端口是非80情况下有效
proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
#proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
#proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://tc;
}
# location ~ .*\.(js)?$
# {
# proxy_pass http://tc;
# proxy_redirect off;
# proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args;
# proxy_set_header Host $host;
# proxy_cache cache_one;
# proxy_cache_valid 200 302 1h;
# proxy_cache_valid 301 1d;
# proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
# expires 1h;
# }
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
casdemo应用
login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body> <h1>TOMCAT实例1</h1> <!--此处在不同8080与8081端口tomcat实例上分别为TOMCAT实例1 、TOMCAT实例2-->
<form action="login" method="post" >
<input type="text" name="username"/>
<input type="submit" name="login" value="login" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
usr/index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>TOMCAT实例2</h1> <!--此处在不同8080与8081端口tomcat实例上分别为TOMCAT实例1 、TOMCAT实例2-->
Hello <%=request.getSession().getAttribute("user")%>!!!
<a href="../login">exit</a>
</body>
</html>web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>casdemo</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<filter>
<filter-name>CheckLoginFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>casdemo.CheckLoginFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<listener>
<listener-class>casdemo.DebugSessionListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>login</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>casdemo.Login</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>login</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CheckLoginFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/usr/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>CheckLoginFilter
package casdemo;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponseWrapper;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
public class CheckLoginFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void destroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
//System.out.println("=====");
HttpServletRequest req=((HttpServletRequest) request);
//System.out.println("getRequestURL :"+req.getRequestURL());
//System.out.println("getQueryString :"+req.getQueryString());
System.out.println((req.getSession(false)==null)+"isRequestedSessionIdFromCookie :"+req.isRequestedSessionIdFromCookie());
System.out.println((req.getSession(false)==null)+"isRequestedSessionIdValid :"+req.isRequestedSessionIdValid());
if(req.getSession(false)!=null&&!req.isRequestedSessionIdValid()){
System.out.println("====session is not valid");
}
HttpSession session=req.getSession();
session.setMaxInactiveInterval(1000*60*30);
if(session.getAttribute("user")!=null&&!session.getAttribute("user").equals("")){
System.out.println("alreay login");
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}else{
System.out.println("not login");
//HttpServletResponse resp=((HttpServletResponse) response);
HttpServletResponseWrapper wrapper = new HttpServletResponseWrapper(
(HttpServletResponse) response);
wrapper.sendRedirect("/casdemo/login.jsp");
}
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
Login
package casdemo;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
/**
* Servlet implementation class Login
*/
public class Login extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public Login() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpSession session=request.getSession();
session.invalidate();
response.sendRedirect("login.jsp");
}
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generatedmethod stub
super.init(config);
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpSession session=request.getSession();
String username=request.getParameter("username");
session.setAttribute("user",username);
response.sendRedirect("usr/index.jsp");
}
}
DebugSessionListener
package casdemo;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;
public class DebugSessionListener implements HttpSessionListener {
public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent event) {
HttpSession session = event.getSession();
String sessionId = session.getId();
System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>>create session id " + sessionId);
}
public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent event) {
HttpSession session = event.getSession();
String sessionId = session.getId();
System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>>destory session id" + sessionId);
}
}
部署测试
访问http://localhost:8888/casdemo
1.测试负载分发：
测试网页是来自于tomcat1或者tomcat2的页面请求，如果是来自于tomcat1，登录页面（login.jsp）显示“TOMCAT1”，登录成功后跳转页面（index.jsp），显示“TOMCAT1”。
2.测试tomcat单点故障
登录成功后跳转页面（index.jsp），根据网页上显示的tomcat实例号，手工关闭该tomcat实例。
刷新跳转页面（index.jsp），查看页面是否还能维持会话。如果跳转到登录页，说明会话丢失。如果不跳转，显示新tomcat实例，说明会话已经在新的tomcat实例完成共享。
3.测试memcached单点故障
关闭某台memcached，测试会话是否正常。如果两台memcached没有保持同步,关闭会话没有缺失的memcached，会造成会话丢失,因为余下的memcached会话数据不完整。
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