Groovyb脚本速成教程

Groovyb脚本速成教程
1 内容简介
主要介绍了groovy的常用语法，以便快速上手应用.

2 语法介绍
2.1 屏幕输出
println “Hello world!”
println “Hello” + “ world!”
2.2 变量定义
class HelloWorld {
staticvoid main(args) {

def myString = new String("test String")
def myObject = new Object()
int myInt = 8
myObject = 3

println"myString=" + myString
println"myObject=" + myObject
println"myInt=" + myInt
}
}

2.3 类定义，函数定义
class HelloWorld {

defvoidtest(){
println"this is test func"
}

def String getString(String input){
println"input=" + input
return"hello," + input
}
staticvoid main(args) {
def hw = new HelloWorld()
hw.test()
println hw.getString("Liuyou")
}
}



2.4 list用法
class HelloWorld {

staticvoid main(args) {

//ArrayList可以动态增加大小
def arrayList = new ArrayList()
arrayList[0] = "dog"
arrayList[1] = "cat"
arrayList[2] = "bird"
for(l in arrayList){
println l + " "
}
//list，不可以动态增加大小
def list = [ "dog", "cat", "bird" ]
for(l in list){
println l + " "
}
//list array
def lists = [[ "liuyou", "22", "M"],["liudehua", "33", "M"]]
for(l in lists){
println l[0] + "-" + l[1] + "-" + l[2]
}
for(l in lists){
for(e in l){
println e
}
}
}
}


2.5 map用法

class HelloWorld {

staticvoid main(args) {
//显示定义map
def map = new HashMap()
map.put("ID", 12345)
map.put("name", "Liuyou")
map.put("email", "you.liu@alcatel-sbell.com.cn")
println map.get("ID") + "/" + map.get("name") + "/" + map.get("email")
//隐示定义map
def map2 = ["email":"you.liu@alcatel-sbell.com.cn", "name":"Liuyou", "ID":12345]
println map.get("ID") + "/" + map.get("name") + "/" + map.get("email")
}
}



2.6 逻辑语句
2.6.1 if…else…
class HelloWorld {

staticvoid main(args) {
def s = "1234"
if(s == "1234") println"yes,it is 1234"

def n = 1234
if(n == 123) println"yes, n is 123"
elseif(n == 12) println"yes, n is 12"
elseif(n == 1234) println"yes, n is 1234"
elseprintln"yes, n is null"
}
}


2.6.2 switch…case…
class HelloWorld {

staticvoid main(args) {
def s = "1234"
switch(s){
case"1":
println"1";
break;
case"2":
println"2";
break;
case"1234":
println"1234"
break;
default:
println"default"
break;
}
}
}


2.6.3 while循环
class HelloWorld {

staticvoid main(args) {
int n = 10
while(n){
println"n=" + n
n --
}
}
}

2.6.4 for循环
class HelloWorld {

staticvoid main(args) {
def n = [10,20,30]
for(e in n){
println"e=" + e
}
}
}





2.7 try…catch…异常语句
class HelloWorld {

defvoid testException(){
try{
def n = 0;
def m = 2;
def l = m/n
}catch(Exception e){
println e.toString()
}
}
defvoid testThrow(){
thrownew java.lang.ArithmeticException()
}

staticvoid main(args) {
def hw = new HelloWorld()

//除法零异常
hw.testException()
//主动抛出异常
try{
hw.testThrow()
}catch(ArithmeticException e){
println e.toString()
}
}
}