手工创建数据库



1.修改ORACLE_SID

[oracle@TEST ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=PROD

[oracle@TEST ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

PROD

2.创建密码文件

[oracle@TEST dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

1)查看密码文件格式

oracle@TEST dbs]$ orapwd

Usage: orapwd file=<fname>entries=<users> force=<y/n> ignorecase=<y/n>nosysdba=<y/n>

 where

   file - name of password file (required),

   password - password for SYS will be prompted if not specified at commandline,

   entries - maximum number of distinct DBA (optional),

   force - whether to overwrite existing file (optional),

   ignorecase - passwords are case-insensitive (optional),

   nosysdba - whether to shut out the SYSDBA logon (optional Database Vaultonly).

   

There must be no spaces around the equal-to(=) character.

2)生成密码文件

[oracle@TEST dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwPRODpassword=oracle

[oracle@TEST dbs]$ ls

hc_TEST.dat init.ora initTEST.ora  lkTEST orapwPROD orapwTEST  snapcf_TEST.f spfileTEST.ora

3.生成pfile

[oracle@TEST dbs]$ cat init.ora|grep -v^#|grep -v ^$>initPROD.ora

[oracle@TEST dbs]$ vi initPROD.ora

db_name='PROD'

memory_target=800M            

processes = 150

audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD/adump'

audit_trail ='db'

db_block_size=8192

db_domain=''

db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

db_recovery_file_dest_size=1G

diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'

dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)(SERVICE=ORCLXDB)'

open_cursors=300

remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

control_files ='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/control02.ctl'

compatible ='11.2.0'

4.创建目录

[oracle@TEST dbs]$ mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD/adump

[oracle@TEST dbs]$ mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

[oracle@TEST dbs]$ mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/

5.生成spfile

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production onTue Sep 20 18:15:18 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

18:15:18 SYS@PROD>create spfile frompfile;

File created.

6.创建数据库

18:15:28 SYS@PROD>startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area 835104768 bytes

Fixed Size                 2257840 bytes

Variable Size            541068368 bytes

Database Buffers         289406976 bytes

Redo Buffers               2371584 bytes

18:16:18 SYS@PROD>CREATE DATABASE PROD

18:34:17  2 USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle

18:34:17  3 USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BYoracle

18:34:17  4 LOGFILE

18:34:17  5 GROUP 1('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/redo01.log') SIZE 20M,

18:34:17  6 GROUP 2('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/redo02.log') SIZE 20M,

18:34:17  7 GROUP 3('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/redo03a.log') SIZE 20M

18:34:17  8 MAXLOGFILES 5

18:34:17  9 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5

18:34:17 10 MAXLOGHISTORY 1

18:34:17 11 MAXDATAFILES 100

18:34:17 12 CHARACTERSET AL32UTF8

18:34:17 13 NATIONAL CHARACTER SETAL16UTF16

18:34:17 14 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

18:34:17 15 DATAFILE'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

18:34:17 16 SYSAUX

18:34:17 17 DATAFILE'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

18:34:17 18 DEFAULT TABLESPACE users

18:34:17 19 DATAFILE'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf'

18:34:17 20 SIZE 50M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ONMAXSIZE UNLIMITED

18:34:17 21 DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACEtempts1

18:34:17 22 TEMPFILE'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/temp01.dbf'

18:34:17 23 SIZE 20M REUSE

18:34:17 24 UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1

18:34:17 25 DATAFILE'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf'

18:34:17 26 SIZE 50M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ONMAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

 

Database created.

7.执行脚本

@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

conn system/oracle

@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql

--可选脚本

@?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/catoctk.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb

查看数据库状态

18:44:36 SYS@PROD>select open_mode fromv$database;

OPEN_MODE

--------------------

READ WRITE

 

1 row selected.

查看快速恢复区

18:47:01 SYS@PROD>show parameter recover

NAME                                TYPE        VALUE

db_recovery_file_dest        string      /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

db_recovery_file_dest_size          big integer 1G

db_unrecoverable_scn_tracking       boolean     TRUE

recovery_parallelism                integer     0

查看控制文件

18:47:10 SYS@PROD>show parameter control

 

NAME                                TYPE        VALUE

control_file_record_keep_time       integer     7

control_files                       string      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/c

                                                ontrol01.ctl, /u01/app/oracle/

                                                control02.ctl

control_management_pack_access      string      DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING

查看日志文件

18:50:33 SYS@PROD>select * fromv$logfile;

   GROUP# STATUS TYPE

MEMBER

IS_

        1        ONLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/redo01.log

NO

        2        ONLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/redo02.log

NO

        3        ONLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/redo03a.log

NO

3 rows selected.

查看字符集

18:56:11 SYS@PROD>selectuserenv('language') from dual;

 

USERENV('LANGUAGE')

----------------------------------------------------

AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

 

1 row selected.