IO操作

目录操作
Directory：静态
DirectotyInfo:实例
文件操作(文件就是字节块（文件流）)
1.File：静态
  FileInfo:实例
			File.WriteAllText("1.txt", "今天是"+DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString(),Encoding.Default);
            Console.WriteLine(File.ReadAllText("1.txt",Encoding.Default));
2.StreamReader，StreamWriter
			using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter("1.txt", true, Encoding.Default))
            {
                writer.WriteLine("Hello World");
                writer.WriteLine("你好吗");
            }
            using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader("1.txt", Encoding.Default))
            {
                string line = null;
                while ((line = reader.ReadLine()) != null)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(line);
                }
            }
3.FileStream(处理文件使用字节)
	 a.单字节操作
	        FileStream fsRead = new FileStream("1.txt", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
            FileStream fsWriter = new FileStream("2.txt", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write);
            int count = -1;
            while((count=fsRead.ReadByte())!=-1)
            {
                fsWriter.WriteByte((byte)count);
            }
            fsRead.Dispose();
            fsWriter.Dispose()
	 b.多字节操作（需准备一个字节数组）
		FileStream fsRead = new FileStream("1.txt", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
            FileStream fsWriter = new FileStream("2.txt", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write);
            Byte[] bytes=new Byte[1024*1024];
            int count = 0;
            while ((count = fsRead.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)) != 0) 
            {
                fsWriter.Write(bytes, 0, count);
            }
路径操作
Path:
     Path.GetFileName可获得文件夹名称
编码方式（不写任何内容，都要占用字节，notepad安装HexEditor.dll插件可以查看内容的十六进制）：
	ANSI：
	Unicode:Unicode(2个字节,PE头是ff fe),UnicodeBig(2个字节,PE头是fe ff),UTF8(3个字节,PE头是ef bb bf)
int,byte,char的区别(???怎么用)
	int:4个字节，byte:1个字节，char：2个字节

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WindowsFormFilesView
{
    //定义一个结构
    struct TreeViewNode
    {
        public TreeNode Node;
        public string Dir;
    }
    //文件查看器(遍历某一目录，将该目录的所有文件夹和文件显示出来，单击文件，显示出文件的内容)
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            #region 递归实现
            string path = "../../txt";
            TreeNode rootNode = new TreeNode(Path.GetFileName(path));
            //将根节点添加到TreeView控件中
            tv.Nodes.Add(rootNode);
            initTree(rootNode, path);
            #endregion

            #region 队列实现
            //队列
            Queue<TreeViewNode> qu = new Queue<TreeViewNode>();
            TreeNode rootNode2 = tv.Nodes.Add(Path.GetFileName(path));
            //定义根节点
            TreeViewNode treeViewNode;
            treeViewNode.Dir = path;
            treeViewNode.Node = rootNode2;
            //将跟节点添加到队列中
            qu.Enqueue(treeViewNode);
            while (qu.Count > 0) 
            {
                //取出跟节点
                TreeViewNode tvn = qu.Dequeue(); 
                //获得跟节点下的目录和文件
                string[] dirs = Directory.GetDirectories(tvn.Dir); 
                string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(tvn.Dir);
                //遍历目录
                for (int i = 0; i < dirs.Length;i++ ) 
                {
                    TreeNode tn = tvn.Node.Nodes.Add(Path.GetFileName(dirs[i]));
                    TreeViewNode tvn2;
                    tvn2.Dir = dirs[i];
                    tvn2.Node = tn;
                    //将目录放到队列中
                    qu.Enqueue(tvn2);
                }
                for (int i = 0; i < files.Length; i++)
                {
                    TreeNode node=tvn.Node.Nodes.Add(Path.GetFileName(files[i]));
                    node.Tag = files[i];//保存数据
                }
            }
            #endregion
        }


        private void initTree(TreeNode node,string path) 
        {
            string[] dirs = System.IO.Directory.GetDirectories(path);
            string[] files = System.IO.Directory.GetFiles(path);
            foreach(string dir in dirs)
            {
                TreeNode tn1 = node.Nodes.Add(Path.GetFileName(dir));
                initTree(tn1, dir);
            }
            foreach (string file in files) 
            {
                TreeNode tn2 = new TreeNode(Path.GetFileName(file));
                tn2.Tag = file;
                node.Nodes.Add(tn2);
            }        
        }

        private void tv_AfterSelect(object sender, TreeViewEventArgs e)
        {
            string path=e.Node.Tag as string;
            if (path != null) 
            {
                txtContent.Text = File.ReadAllText(path, Encoding.Default);
            }
        }
    }
}