自定义注解Annotation

1.创建自定义注解

---

import java.lang.annotation.*;

public class Test {

    //注解可以显示赋值, 如果没有默认值, 我们就必须给注解赋值
    @MyAnnotation(age = 18)
    public void test() {

    }
}

//定义一个注解
//表示我们的注解可以用在哪些地方
@Target(value = {ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE_USE})

//表示我们的注解在什么地方还有效
@Retention(value = RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

//表示废弃存在隐患,可以使用,但不建议继续使用
@Deprecated

//表示是否将我们的注解生成JAVAdoc
@Documented

//子类可以继承父类的注解
@Inherited
@interface MyAnnotation {

    //注解的参数: 参数类型 + 参数名();
    String name() default "";

    int age() default 0;

    int id() default -1;//如果默认值为-1,代表不存在

    String[] schools() default {"北京大学", "清华大学"};
}

AOP注解

增强处理(Advice)

前置增强

后置增强

环绕增强/异常抛出增强/最终增强等类型

切入点(Pointcut)

连接点(Join Point)

切面(Aspect)

目标对象(Target object)

AOP代理(AOP proxy)

织入(Weaving)

2.反射获取注解

---

package shejimoshi;

import java.lang.annotation.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;

public class Test2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException {

        Class c1 = Class.forName("shejimoshi.Student");

        //通过反射获得注解
        Annotation[] annotations = c1.getAnnotations();
        for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
            System.out.println(annotation);
        }

        //获得注解value的值
        TableKai annotation1 = (TableKai) c1.getAnnotation(TableKai.class);
        String value = annotation1.value();
        System.out.println(value);

        //获得类指定的注解
        Field name = c1.getDeclaredField("name");
        FieldKai annotation2 = name.getAnnotation(FieldKai.class);
        System.out.println(annotation2.cloumnName());
        System.out.println(annotation2.type());
        System.out.println(annotation2.length());
    }
}

@TableKai("db_student")
class Student{
    @FieldKai(cloumnName = "db_id",type = "int",length = 32)
    private int id;
    @FieldKai(cloumnName = "db_age",type = "int",length = 3)
    private int age;
    @FieldKai(cloumnName = "db_name",type = "int",length = 50)
    private String name;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name,int id, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.id = id;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

}


//类名的注解
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface TableKai{
    String value();
}

//属性的注解
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface FieldKai{
    String cloumnName();
    String type();
    int length();
}

3.反射获取方法属性

---

package shejimoshi;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchFieldException {

        //获得class对象
        Class c1 = Class.forName("shejimoshi.User");

        //构造一个对象
        //本质是调用了类的无参构造
        User user = (User) c1.newInstance();
        System.out.println(user);

        //通过构造器创建对象
        Constructor constructor = c1.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class, int.class, int.class);
        User user2 = (User) constructor.newInstance("瑞雯", 1, 18);
        System.out.println(user2);

        //通过反射调用普通方法
        User user3 = (User) c1.newInstance();
        //通过反射获取方法
        Method setName = c1.getDeclaredMethod("setName", String.class);

        //invoke: 激活的意思
        //(对象,"方法的值")
        setName.invoke(user3,"蒙多");
        System.out.println(user3.getName());

        //通过反射调用普通方法
        User user4 = (User) c1.newInstance();
        Field name = c1.getDeclaredField("name");

        //不能直接操作私有属性,需要关闭程序的安全检测,但是会降低性能
        //检查是否开启,默认开启, true为关闭
        name.setAccessible(true);
        name.set(user4,"瑞雯2");
        System.out.println(user4.getName());

    }
}

class User {

    private String name;
    private int id;
    private int age;


    public User() {
    }

    public User(String name,int id, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.id = id;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }



}