getpwuid()函数,getpgrgid()函数()

1.getpwuid()函数

通过用户uid查找用户的相关信息,并以passwd的结构体返回其数据. 头文件:#include <sys/types.h>    #include <pwd.h> 函数原型:struct  passwd *getpwuid(uid_t  uid); 参数       文件所有者的uid; 返回值:成功passwd 结构体,uid所对应的用户信息,错误返回空指针, struct passwd { char * pw_name; /* Username, POSIX.1 */ char * pw_passwd; /* Password */ __uid_t pw_uid; /* User ID, POSIX.1 */ __gid_t pw_gid; /* Group ID, POSIX.1 */ char * pw_gecos; /* Real Name or Comment field */ char * pw_dir; /* Home directory, POSIX.1 */ char * pw_shell; /* Shell Program, POSIX.1 */ }

2.getgrgid()函数

通过gid,找到该组的相关信息,并以group结构体返回其信息, 头文件:#include <grp.h>,#include <sys/types.h> 参数     文件所属组的组id; 返回值:成功返回group结构体,错误返回NULL; group结构体: struct group { char *gr_name; /*组名称*/ char *gr_passwd; /* 组密码*/ gid_t gr_gid; /*组识别码*/ char **gr_mem; /*组成员账号*/ } 看个例子:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void my_err(const char *err_string,int line)
{
	fprintf(stderr,"line:%d",line);
	perror(err_string);
	exit(1);
}
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
	struct stat buf;
	struct passwd  *my_info;
	struct  group  *grp;
	if(stat(argv[1],&buf)==-1)
	     my_err("stat",__LINE__);
	my_info=getpwuid(buf.st_uid);
	grp=getgrgid(buf.st_gid);
	printf("文件所有者的信息");
	printf( "my name = [%s]\n", my_info->pw_name );
	printf( "my passwd = [%s]\n", my_info->pw_passwd );
	printf( "my uid = [%d]\n", my_info->pw_uid );
	printf( "my gid = [%d]\n", my_info->pw_gid );
	printf( "my gecos = [%s]\n", my_info->pw_gecos);
	printf( "my dir = [%s]\n", my_info->pw_dir );
	printf( "my shell = [%s]\n", my_info->pw_shell );
	printf("文件所属组的信息:");
	printf("group name =[%s]\n",grp->gr_name);
	printf("group passwd = [%s]\n",grp->gr_passwd);
	printf("组识别码 = [%d]\n",grp->gr_gid);
	printf("组成员账号 = [%s]\n",*(grp->gr_mem));
}

结果:

yang@liu:~/Linux C$ gcc getpwuid.c 
yang@liu:~/Linux C$ ./a.out  fork.c
文件所有者的信息my name = [yang]
my passwd = [x]
my uid = [1000]
my gid = [1000]
my gecos = [yang,,,]
my dir = [/home/yang]
my shell = [/bin/bash]
文件所属组的信息:group name =[yang]
group passwd = [x]
组识别码 = [1000]
组成员账号 = [(null)]