Socket编程---使用无连接的数据报(UDP) 进行通信

 

 

使用无连接的数据报(UDP) 进行通信

什么是Datagram？
数据报是网上传输的独立数据包 ，数据报是否能正确地到达目的地，到达的时间，顺序，内容的正确性均没有保障。
 
java中使用Datagram与DatagramPacket类
DatagramSocket类利用UDP协议来实现客户与服务器的Socket.
send():发送数据报
receive(): 接收数据报

 

 以下为流程

 

 

 

 

以下为简单示例，不含一些异常处理、判空处理。

 

一、服务器端

package com.network;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

public class UDPServer
{

	public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception
	{
		DatagramSocket datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket(5678);
		
		byte[] buffer = new byte[100];
		
		DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer,100);
		
		datagramSocket.receive(packet);
		
		byte[] data = packet.getData();
		
		int i = packet.getLength();
		
		String content = new String(data,0,i);
		
		System.out.println("content from client : " + content);
		
		int length = content.length();
		
		String strLength = String.valueOf(length);
		
		byte[] b = strLength.getBytes();
		
		InetAddress address = packet.getAddress();
		
		int port = packet.getPort();
		
		DatagramPacket packet2 = new DatagramPacket(b,b.length,address,port);
		
		System.out.println("length: " + new String(b,0,b.length));
		
		datagramSocket.send(packet2);
		
		datagramSocket.close();
		
		
	}

}

 

 

 

二、客户端

 

package com.network;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

public class UDPClient
{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
	{
		DatagramSocket datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket();
		
		String content = "hello world!";
		
		byte[] buffer = content.getBytes();
		
		InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
		
		DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length,address,5678);
		
		datagramSocket.send(packet);
		
		byte[] b = new byte[100];
		
		DatagramPacket packet2 = new DatagramPacket(b,100);
		
		datagramSocket.receive(packet2);
		
		byte[] b2 = packet2.getData();
		
		int l = packet2.getLength();
		
		String str = new String(b2,0,l);
		
		System.out.println("length of string : " + str);
		
		datagramSocket.close();
	}
}