VQ(Vector quantization)

VQ是一种将向量空间中的点用有限子集进行编码的技术,常用于图像压缩。通过K-means算法找到聚类中心(codevectors),用它们来代表编码区域内的点。在图像处理中,VQ可以将灰度或RGB像素值映射到更小的取值范围,降低存储需求。
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VQ 就是一个估算子,例如:


Here, every pair of numbers falling in a particular region are approximated by a red star associated with that region. Note that there are 16 regions and 16 red stars -- each of which can be uniquely represented by 4 bits. Thus, this is a 2-dimensional, 4-bit VQ. Its rate is also 2 bits/dimension.

An example of a 2-dimensional VQ is shown below:



 The red stars are called codevectors and the regions defined by the blue borders are called encoding regions. The

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