灵活配置自动化测试环境

概述

自动化测试的环境并不是一成不变的，如果没有好的设计，一旦环境发生变化，修改工作量将十分庞大。而好的设计则只需要修改几行代码。
在网络设备的测试中，可以考虑将环境配置放在一个单独的文本文件，再使用自动化脚本读取。
文本的设计要简单易懂，容易扩展，脚本则要使用方便，比如名字短可以加快进度，减少错误。
比如读取pc某个网卡的Ip, 可以用pc1.port1.ip, 设置另外PC的网卡IP可以是pc2.port2.ip = '1.1.1.1'.

难点

代码的难点在于使用文本中的字符串来动态创建实例名。

在其他module调用时可以直接调用实例名，不需要module name.

下面的实现过程感觉并不优美，欢迎大家讨论和指教。

配置文件

# file name config

[pc1]
usr=root
pwd=abc
port0_name=eth0  ; # port0 is manager port
port0_ip=192.168.1.1
port1_name=eth1  ; # portx, test port,
port1_ip=211.1.1.1
port1_mask=16
port1_gateway=211.1.1.2


[pc2]
usr=root
pwd=1234
port0_name=eth0  ; # port0 is manager port
port0_ip=192.168.1.2
port1_name=eth1  ; # portx, test port,
port1_ip=211.2.1.1
port1_mask=16
port1_gateway=211.2.1.2

Port类

# file name port.py

""" define port attribute """

class Port(object):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        for key in kwargs:
            setattr(self, key, kwargs[key])

PC类

# file name pc.py
""" define what ports are contained on pc and exec command on pc """


import port


class PC(object):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        for key in kwargs:
            setattr(self, key, kwargs[key])


    def connect(self):
        pass

读取配置文件

# file name config.py

"""read environment config file, create pc and port object, """

import ConfigParser
import pc
import port

class ReadConifg(object):

    def __init__(self, file):
        self.file = file
        self.cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
        self._read_config()
        self.read_config()

    def read_config(self):
        """pc object is global object"""

        self.cf.read(self.file)
        for section in self.cf.sections():

            # create global object pcx
            exec("%s = pc.PC()" % section) in globals()
            options = self.cf.items(section)
            port_dict = {}

            for option in options:
                key = option[0]
                value = option[1]
                if key.find('_') > -1:
                    key_list = key.split('_')
                    port_object_name = key_list[0]
                    new_key = key_list[1]
                    if  port_object_name in port_dict:
                        port_dict[port_object_name] = port_dict[port_object_name] + [(new_key, value)]
                    else:
                        port_dict[port_object_name] = [(new_key, value)]
                else:
                    # pcx.key = value
                    # pc1.usr = root
                    setattr(globals()[section], key, value)

            for key in port_dict:
                # create port object
                exec("%s = port.Port()" % key)
                for line in port_dict[key]:
                    (new_key, new_value) = line
                    # portx.new_key = new_value
                    # port1.name = eth1
                    setattr(locals()[key], new_key, new_value)

                # add port objetc to pc object, pcx.portx = portx
                setattr(globals()[section], key, locals()[key])

    def _read_config(self):
        """add pc object to self"""

        self.cf.read(self.file)
        for section in self.cf.sections():
            options = self.cf.items(section)
            port_dict = {}
            key_value = ""
            for option in options:
                key = option[0]
                value = option[1]
                if key.find('_') > -1:
                    key_list = key.split('_')
                    port_object_name = key_list[0]
                    new_key = key_list[1]
                    if  port_object_name in port_dict:
                        port_dict[port_object_name] = port_dict[port_object_name] + [(new_key, value)]
                    else:
                        port_dict[port_object_name] = [(new_key, value)]
                else:
                    key_value += "%s='%s', " % (key, value)

            for key in port_dict:
                # create port object
                exec("%s = port.Port()" % key)
                for line in port_dict[key]:
                    (new_key, new_value) = line
                    # portx.new_key = new_value
                    # port1.name = eth1
                    setattr(locals()[key], new_key, new_value)

            key_value = key_value[:-2]

            # create pc object
            exec("%s = pc.PC(%s)" % (section, key_value))
            for key in port_dict:
                # add port object to pc object
                setattr(locals()[section], key, locals()[key])

            # add pc object to self
            setattr(self, section, locals()[section])

使用环境变量

# file name main.py

""" define packet action """
import config
import pc
import port

CONFIG_FILE = 'config'
rc = config.ReadConifg(CONFIG_FILE)
# to use pcx.yy directory
from config import *

class Packet(object):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        for key in kwargs:
            setattr(self, key, kwargs[key])


    def send(self):
        print pc2.port1.name


if __name__ == "__main__":
    p = Packet(a=3)
    print pc1.usr
    print pc1.port1.ip
    p.send()