C++20 如何以 Bazel & Clang 进行构建呢?
本文将介绍:
- Bazel 构建系统的安装
- LLVM 编译系统的安装
- Clang is an “LLVM native” C/C++/Objective-C compiler
- Bazel Clang 工具链的配置
- C++20 库与应用的构建
本文示例可见: https://github.com/ikuokuo/start-cpp20
本文是于 Ubuntu 20 上进行的实践,Windows 可以用 WSL 准备环境。
安装 Bazel,以二进制方式
Bazelisk 是安装 Bazel 的推荐方式,我们安装它的二进制发布即可:
cd ~
wget https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazelisk/releases/download/v1.12.0/bazelisk-linux-amd64 -O bazelisk-1.12.0-linux-amd64
chmod a+x bazelisk-*
sudo ln -s $(pwd)/bazelisk-1.12.0-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/bazel
touch WORKSPACE
# 国内下载 Bazel 可能遇到如下问题,配置 .bazeliskrc 解决
# could not resolve the version 'latest' to an actual version number
# https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazelisk/issues/220
cat <<-EOF > .bazeliskrc
BAZELISK_BASE_URL=https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/releases/download
USE_BAZEL_VERSION=5.2.0
EOF
bazel version
更多方式,可见官方文档。进一步,推荐安装 buildtools,下载后软链一下:
sudo ln -s $(pwd)/buildifier-5.1.0-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/buildifier
sudo ln -s $(pwd)/buildozer-5.1.0-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/buildozer
Bazel 如何构建 C++ 项目,可见我的 Start Bazel 笔记。
安装 LLVM,以源码方式
Clang 有关 std::fromat
文本格式化的特性,默认未开启:
The paper is implemented but still marked as an incomplete feature (the feature-test macro is not set and the libary is only available when built with LIBCXX_ENABLE_INCOMPLETE_FEATURES). Not yet implemented LWG-issues will cause API and ABI breakage.
C++20 特性,编译器支持情况:
因此,这里以源码方式安装 LLVM,需要构建 Clang & libc++:
git clone -b llvmorg-14.0.6 --depth 1 https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git
cd llvm-project
mkdir _build
cd _build
# llvm install path, such as /usr/local/llvm
LLVM_PREFIX=$HOME/Apps/llvm-14.0.6
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$LLVM_PREFIX \
-DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS=clang \
-DLLVM_ENABLE_RUNTIMES="libcxx;libcxxabi" \
-DLIBCXX_ENABLE_INCOMPLETE_FEATURES=ON \
../llvm
make -j`nproc`
make