学习Flask之blueprint

目录结构如上图所示。

epay/init.py

from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from epay.extendsions import db,login_manager,bootstrap,csrf


from epay.config import mysql_config
from epay.blueprints.admin import admin_bp
from epay.blueprints.auth import auth_bp
import pymysql



def create_app():
    app = Flask(__name__)
    app.secret_key = 'Innalhamdulillah.nahmaduhu.taalanastainubihi.wanastagfiruh!'
    register_extensions(app)
    register_blueprints(app)
    return app

def register_extensions(app):
    # 初始化 db
    app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = mysql_config['DIALECT']+'://'+mysql_config['USERNAME']+':'+mysql_config['PASSWORD']+'@'+mysql_config['HOST']+':'+mysql_config['PORT']+'/'+mysql_config['DATABASE']+'?charset=utf8'
    app.config['SQLALCHEMY_COMMIT_ON_TEARDOWN'] = True
    # 初始化mysql
    pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

    db.init_app(app)
    login_manager.init_app(app)
    bootstrap.init_app(app)
    csrf.init_app(app)




def register_blueprints(app):
    # app.register_blueprint(blog_bp)
    app.register_blueprint(admin_bp, url_prefix='/admin')
    app.register_blueprint(auth_bp, url_prefix='/auth')

在 register_blueprints 中，register_blueprint() 就是注册blueprints，并设置路由路径，admin_bp 和 auth_bp是从blueprints/admin/init.py 和blueprints/auth.py导入 ，url_prefix是总的路径，例如/auth/xxx ，是负责用户登录方面的；/admin/xxxx ，是负责后台操作方面的。

blueprints/admin/init.py

from flask import Blueprint,current_app,render_template,url_for,redirect

from flask_login import login_required, current_user
from epay.extendsions import db
from epay.models import User
from epay.blueprints.admin.order import order_bp
from epay.blueprints.admin.merchant import merchant_bp

admin_bp = Blueprint('admin',__name__)
admin_bp.register_blueprint(order_bp, url_prefix='/order')
admin_bp.register_blueprint(merchant_bp, url_prefix='/merchant')

@admin_bp.route('/')
@admin_bp.route('/index')
@login_required
def index():
    return render_template('admin/index.html')

blueprints/auth.py

from flask import Blueprint,render_template,request,redirect,url_for,flash
from flask_login import login_user, logout_user, login_required, current_user

from epay.models import User

import hashlib

from epay.forms import UserForm

auth_bp = Blueprint('auth',__name__)

@auth_bp.route('/login',methods=['POST','GET'])
def login():
    form = UserForm()
    if request.method == 'POST':
        email = request.form.get('email')  # args取get方式参数
        
        password = request.form.get('password')
        password = hashlib.md5(password.encode(encoding='utf-8')).hexdigest()
        user = User.query.filter_by(email=email,password=password).first()
        if user:
            flash('Welcome back.', 'info')
            login_user(user)
            return redirect(url_for('admin.index'))
        else:
            flash('Invalid username or password.', 'warning')
            return render_template('auth/login.html',form=form)
    elif request.method == 'GET':
        return render_template('auth/login.html',form=form)


@auth_bp.route('/logout')
def logout():
    logout_user()
    return redirect(url_for('auth.login'))

由此可见，Blueprint 最简单的用法是这样：
先从falsk 中导入 Blueprint

from flask import Blueprint

然后定义一个 Blueprint

auth_bp = Blueprint('auth',__name__)

最后注册这个Blueprint

app.register_blueprint(auth_bp, url_prefix='/auth')