XML DOM Objects/Interfaces

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-18 12:27:51 发布

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这篇博客详细介绍了XML DOM中的核心对象和接口，包括IXMLDOMAttribute、IXMLDOMDocument、IXMLDOMElement、IXMLDOMNamedNodeMap、IXMLDOMNode、IXMLDOMNodeList和IXMLDOMSelection。通过示例代码展示了如何使用这些接口操作XML文档，如创建、查询和修改元素、属性等。最后，还给出了输出示例。

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IXMLDOMAttribute
Represents an attribute of the IXMLDOMElement. Valid and default values for the attribute are defined in a document type definition (DTD) or schema.

Example
The following example is in C++.

#import " msxml3.dll "
using namespace MSXML2;

#define CHECK_AND_RELEASE(pInterface)
if (pInterface)
{
   pInterface -> Release();
   pInterface = NULL;
}

#define RELEASE(pInterface)
{
   pInterface -> Release();
   pInterface = NULL;
}

int main( int argc, char * argv[])
{
   _variant_t varValue;
   BSTR bstrAttributeName = ::SysAllocString(_T( " dateCreated " ));
   IXMLDOMAttribute * pIXMLDOMAttribute = NULL;
   IXMLDOMElement * pIXMLDOMElement = NULL;
   IXMLDOMDocument * pIXMLDOMDocument = NULL;
   HRESULT hr;

    try
   {
       // Initialize pIXMLDOMDocument and load an
       // XML file into it.
       // Get the document root.
      hr = pIXMLDOMDocument -> get_documentElement( & pIXMLDOMElement);
      SUCCEEDED(hr) ? 0 : throw hr;
       if (pIXMLDOMElement)
      {
         varValue = _T( " Year 2000 " );

          // Set the "dateCreated" attribute to "year 2000"
         hr = pIXMLDOMElement -> setAttribute(bstrAttributeName, varValue);
         SUCCEEDED(hr) ? 0 : throw hr;

          // Retrieve the changed attribute.
         hr = pIXMLDOMElement -> getAttributeNode(bstrAttributeName,
                                                 & pIXMLDOMAttribute);
         SUCCEEDED(hr) ? 0 : throw hr;

         pIXMLDOMAttribute -> get_nodeValue( & varValue);

          if (varValue.vt != VT_NULL)
         {
             // Display the retrieved attribute in a message box.
            ::MessageBox(NULL, _bstr_t(varValue), bstrAttributeName, MB_OK);
         }
         RELEASE(pIXMLDOMElement);
          RELEASE(pIXMLDOMAttribute);
      }
      ::SysFreeString(bstrAttributeName);
      bstrAttributeName = NULL;
   }
    catch (...)
   {
       if (bstrAttributeName)
      {
         ::SysFreeString(bstrAttributeName);
         bstrAttributeName = NULL;
      }
      CHECK_AND_RELEASE(pIXMLDOMElement);
       //    DisplayErrorToUser();
   }
    // Release pIXMLDOMDocument when finished with it.
    return 0 ;
}

IXMLDOMDocument/DOMDocument
Represents the top level of the XML source. Includes members for retrieving and creating all other XML objects.

Example
The following C/C++ example creates DOMDocument and queries for the other interfaces.

HRESULT hr;
IXMLDOMDocument * pXMLDoc;
IXMLDOMNode * pXDN;
// ...
hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
// Check the return value, hr...
hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_DOMDocument30, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IXMLDOMDocument, ( void ** ) & pXMLDoc);
// Check the return value, hr...
hr = pXMLDoc -> QueryInterface(IID_IXMLDOMNode, ( void ** ) & pXDN);
// Check the return value.

IXMLDOMElement
Represents the element object.

Example
The following C/C++ example displays the entire sample XML file (Books.xml) from its document element.

#import " msxml3.dll "
using namespace MSXML2;

inline void TESTHR( HRESULT _hr )
   { if FAILED(_hr) throw (_hr); }

void XMLDOMElementSample()
{
     try {
        IXMLDOMDocumentPtr docPtr;
        IXMLDOMElementPtr ElementPtr;

         // init
        TESTHR(CoInitialize(NULL));
        TESTHR(docPtr.CreateInstance( " Msxml2.DOMDocument.3.0 " ));

         // Load a document.
        _variant_t varXml( " books.xml " );
        _variant_t varOut(( bool )TRUE);
        varOut = docPtr -> load(varXml);
         if (( bool )varOut == FALSE)
             throw ( 0 );
        ElementPtr = docPtr -> documentElement;
        MessageBox(NULL, ElementPtr -> xml, _T( " Document from its root " ), MB_OK);
    } catch (...)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T( " Exception occurred " ), _T( " Error " ), MB_OK);
    }
    CoUninitialize();
}

IXMLDOMNamedNodeMap
Adds support for namespaces and iteration through the collection of attribute nodes.

Example
The following C/C++ example creates and appends a new attribute to the root document element.

#import " msxml3.dll "
using namespace MSXML2;

inline void TESTHR( HRESULT _hr )
   { if FAILED(_hr) throw (_hr); }

void XMLDOMNamedNodeMap()
{
     try {
        IXMLDOMDocumentPtr docPtr;
        IXMLDOMNodePtr DOMNodePtr;
        IXMLDOMNamedNodeMapPtr DOMNamedNodeMapPtr;

         // init
        TESTHR(CoInitialize(NULL));
        TESTHR(docPtr.CreateInstance( " Msxml2.DOMDocument.5.0 " ));

        VARIANT vtTemp;

        vtTemp.vt = VT_I2;
        vtTemp.iVal = MSXML2::NODE_ATTRIBUTE;

         // load a document
        _variant_t varXml( " C:/book.xml " );
        _variant_t varOut(( bool )TRUE);
        varOut = docPtr -> load(varXml);
         if (( bool )varOut == FALSE)
             throw ( 0 );

        DOMNodePtr = docPtr -> createNode(vtTemp, " Sci-Fi " , "" );
        DOMNamedNodeMapPtr = docPtr -> documentElement -> attributes;
        DOMNamedNodeMapPtr -> setNamedItem(DOMNodePtr);

        MessageBox(NULL, _bstr_t(docPtr -> xml), _T( " New Document " ), MB_OK);

    } catch (...)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T( " Exception occurred " ), _T( " Error " ), MB_OK);
    }
    CoUninitialize();
}

IXMLDOMNode
Extends the core node with support for data types, namespaces, document type definitions (DTDs), and schemas.

Example
The following C/C++ example creates and appends a new node to the document root.

#include < tchar.h >
#import " msxml5.dll "
using namespace MSXML2;

inline void TESTHR( HRESULT _hr )
   { if FAILED(_hr) throw (_hr); }

void XMLDOMNodeSample()
{
     try {
        IXMLDOMDocumentPtr docPtr;
        IXMLDOMNodePtr DOMNodePtr;

         // init
        TESTHR(CoInitialize(NULL));
        TESTHR(docPtr.CreateInstance( " Msxml2.DOMDocument.5.0 " ));

        VARIANT vtTemp;

        vtTemp.vt = VT_I2;
            vtTemp.iVal = 1 ; // NODE_ELEMENT
         // load a document
        _variant_t varXml( " c:/Temp/books.xml " );
        _variant_t varOut(( bool )TRUE);
        varOut = docPtr -> load(varXml);
         if (( bool )varOut == FALSE)
             throw ( 0 );
        MessageBox(NULL, _bstr_t(docPtr -> xml), _T( " Original Document " ), MB_OK);
        DOMNodePtr = docPtr -> createNode(vtTemp, " VIDEOS " , "" );
        docPtr -> documentElement -> appendChild(DOMNodePtr);
        MessageBox(NULL, _bstr_t(docPtr -> xml), _T( " New Document " ), MB_OK);

    } catch (...)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T( " Exception occurred " ), _T( " Error " ), MB_OK);
    }
    CoUninitialize();
}
int main()
{
    XMLDOMNodeSample();
     return 0 ;
}

IXMLDOMNodeList
Supports iteration through the live collection, in addition to indexed access.

Example
The following C/C++ example gets all elements with node name AUTHOR and displays the number of nodes found with the following sample.

IXMLDOMSelection
Represents the list of nodes that match a given XML Path Language (XPath) expression.

Example
In the following C/C++ example, IXMLDOMSelection inherits the threading model of the document that created it. IXMLDOMSelection is created through the selectNodes method on IXMLDOMDocument2.

<? xml version = ' 1.0 ' ?>
< COLLECTION xmlns:dt = " urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes " >
   < DATE dt:dt = " datetime " > 1998 - 10 - 13T15: 56 : 00 </ DATE >
   < BOOK >
     < TITLE > Lover Birds </ TITLE >
     < AUTHOR > Cynthia Randall </ AUTHOR >
     < PUBLISHER > Lucerne Publishing </ PUBLISHER >
</ BOOK >
< BOOK >
     < TITLE > The Sundered Grail </ TITLE >
     < AUTHOR > Eva Corets </ AUTHOR >
     < PUBLISHER > Lucerne Publishing </ PUBLISHER >
</ BOOK >
< BOOK >
     < TITLE > Splish Splash </ TITLE >
     < AUTHOR > Paula Thurman </ AUTHOR >
     < PUBLISHER > Scootney </ PUBLISHER >
</ BOOK >
</ COLLECTION >

#import " msxml3.dll "
using namespace MSXML2;

#define CHECK_AND_RELEASE(pInterface)
if (pInterface)
   {
pInterface -> Release();
pInterface = NULL;
   }

#define RELEASE(pInterface)
   {
pInterface -> Release();
pInterface = NULL;
   }

BOOL DOMSelectionDemo()
{
   BOOL bResult = FALSE;
    short sResult = FALSE;
   IXMLDOMSelection * pIXMLDOMSelection = NULL;
   IXMLDOMNodeList * pIXMLDOMNodeList = NULL;
   IXMLDOMNode * pIXMLDOMNode = NULL;
   IXMLDOMDocument2 * pIXMLDOMDocument2 = NULL;
   BSTR bstrValue;
   HRESULT hr;

    try
   {
      hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_DOMDocument, NULL, CLSCTX_SERVER,
               IID_IXMLDOMDocument2, (LPVOID * )( & pIXMLDOMDocument2));
      SUCCEEDED(hr) ? 0 : throw hr;

       if (pIXMLDOMDocument2)
      {
         hr = pIXMLDOMDocument2 -> put_async(VARIANT_FALSE);
          if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
         {
            hr = pIXMLDOMDocument2 -> load(_variant_t(
      _T( " samplexmldtd.xml " )), & sResult);
             if (SUCCEEDED(hr) && (sResult == VARIANT_TRUE))
            {
               hr = pIXMLDOMDocument2 -> selectNodes(
               _T( " */BOOK[TITLE='Lover Birds'] " ), & pIXMLDOMNodeList);
                if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
               {
                  hr = pIXMLDOMNodeList -> QueryInterface(IID_IXMLDOMSelection
                     ,( void ** ) & pIXMLDOMSelection );
                   if (SUCCEEDED(hr) && pIXMLDOMSelection)
                  {
                     LONG uLength;

                     bResult = TRUE;
                     hr = pIXMLDOMSelection -> get_length( & uLength);
                      if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
                     {
                         for ( int iIndex = 0 ; iIndex < uLength; iIndex ++ )
                        {
                            // remove all the nodes from the list-display
                            // them as they are removed.
                           hr = pIXMLDOMSelection -> removeNext(
                               & pIXMLDOMNode);
                            if (SUCCEEDED(hr) && pIXMLDOMNode)
                           {
                              hr = pIXMLDOMNode -> get_text( & bstrValue);
                               if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
                                 ::MessageBox(NULL, bstrValue, _T( " Node
                                  Text " ), MB_OK);
                              RELEASE(pIXMLDOMNode);
                           }
                        }
                     }
                     RELEASE(pIXMLDOMSelection);
                  }
                  RELEASE(pIXMLDOMNodeList);
               }
            }
         }
         RELEASE(pIXMLDOMDocument2);
      }
   }
    catch (...)
   {
      CHECK_AND_RELEASE(pIXMLDOMNode);
      CHECK_AND_RELEASE(pIXMLDOMDocument2);
      CHECK_AND_RELEASE(pIXMLDOMNodeList);
      CHECK_AND_RELEASE(pIXMLDOMSelection);
      DisplayErrorToUser();
   }
    return bResult;
}

Output

The example outputs the following in a message box.

Lover Birds Cynthia Randall Lucerne Publishing

IXMLDOMText
Represents the text content of an element or attribute.

Example
The following C/C++ example creates and appends a new text node to the root document element.

#import " msxml3.dll "
using namespace MSXML2;

inline void TESTHR( HRESULT _hr )
   { if FAILED(_hr) throw (_hr); }

void XMLDOMText()
{
    try {
      IXMLDOMDocumentPtr docPtr;
      IXMLDOMNodePtr DOMNodePtr;
      IXMLDOMNamedNodeMapPtr DOMNamedNodeMapPtr;

       // init
      TESTHR(CoInitialize(NULL));
      TESTHR(docPtr.CreateInstance( " Msxml2.DOMDocument.3.0 " ));

       // load a document
      _variant_t varXml( " <root><child/></root> " );
      _variant_t varOut(( bool )TRUE);
      varOut = docPtr -> loadXML(varXml);
       if (( bool )varOut == FALSE)
          throw ( 0 );

      DOMNodePtr = docPtr -> createTextNode( " Hello World! " );

      docPtr -> documentElement -> appendChild(DOMNodePtr);

      MessageBox(NULL, _bstr_t(docPtr -> xml), _T( " New Document " ), MB_OK);

   } catch (...)
   {
      MessageBox(NULL, _T( " Exception occurred " ), _T( " Error " ), MB_OK);
   }
   CoUninitialize();
}

Output

<root>Hello World!<child/></root>