task02:索引

import numpy as np

x = np.array([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8])
y = x
y[0] = -1
print(x)
print(y)

[-1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8]
[-1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8]

x = np.array([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8])
y = x.copy()
y[0] = -1
print(x)
print(y)

[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8]
[-1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8]

x = np.array([[11, 12, 13, 14, 15],
              [16, 17, 18, 19, 20], 
              [21, 22, 23, 24, 25],
              [26, 27, 28, 29, 30],
              [31, 32, 33, 34, 35]])
y = x
y[::2,:] = -1
print(x)
print(y)

[[-1 -1 -1 -1 -1]
 [16 17 18 19 20]
 [-1 -1 -1 -1 -1]
 [26 27 28 29 30]
 [-1 -1 -1 -1 -1]]
[[-1 -1 -1 -1 -1]
 [16 17 18 19 20]
 [-1 -1 -1 -1 -1]
 [26 27 28 29 30]
 [-1 -1 -1 -1 -1]]

x = np.array([[11, 12, 13, 14, 15],
              [16, 17, 18, 19, 20], 
              [21, 22, 23, 24, 25],
              [26, 27, 28, 29, 30],
              [31, 32, 33, 34, 35]])
y = x.copy()
y[::2,:] = -1
print(x)
print(y)

[[11 12 13 14 15]
 [16 17 18 19 20]
 [21 22 23 24 25]
 [26 27 28 29 30]
 [31 32 33 34 35]]
[[-1 -1 -1 -1 -1]
 [16 17 18 19 20]
 [-1 -1 -1 -1 -1]
 [26 27 28 29 30]
 [-1 -1 -1 -1 -1]]

x = np.array([[11, 12, 13, 14, 15], 
              [16, 17, 18, 19, 20], 
              [21, 22, 23, 24, 25], 
              [26, 27, 28, 29, 30], 
              [31, 32, 33, 34, 35]])
print(x[2])
print(x[2][1])
print(x[2,1])

[21 22 23 24 25]
22
22

x = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]) 
print(x[0:2])
print(x[1:5:2])
print(x[2:])

[1 2]
[2 4]
[3 4 5 6 7 8]

x = np.array([[11, 12, 13, 14, 15],
              [16, 17, 18, 19, 20], 
              [21, 22, 23, 24, 25], 
              [26, 27, 28, 29, 30], 
              [31, 32, 33, 34, 35]])
print(x[0:2])
print(x[1:5:2])
print(x[2:])
print(x[1:3, 2:4])

[[11 12 13 14 15]
 [16 17 18 19 20]]
[[16 17 18 19 20]
 [26 27 28 29 30]]
[[21 22 23 24 25]
 [26 27 28 29 30]
 [31 32 33 34 35]]
[[18 19]
 [23 24]]

x = np.random.randint(1, 100, [2, 2, 3]) 
print(x)
print(x[1, ...])
print(x[..., 2])

[[[67 89 76]
  [ 6 83 49]]

 [[25  7 52]
  [ 3 70  8]]]
[[25  7 52]
 [ 3 70  8]]
[[76 49]
 [52  8]]

x = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
r = [0, 1, 2]
print(x[r])

[1 2 3]

x = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
r = [0, 1, 2] 
print(np.take(x, r))

x = np.array([[11, 12, 13, 14, 15],
              [16, 17, 18, 19, 20], 
              [21, 22, 23, 24, 25], 
              [26, 27, 28, 29, 30], 
              [31, 32, 33, 34, 35]])
r = [0, 1, 2] 
print(np.take(x, r, axis=0))

[1 2 3]
[[11 12 13 14 15]
 [16 17 18 19 20]
 [21 22 23 24 25]]

x = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]) 
y = x > 5
print(y)
print(x[y])

[False False False False False  True  True  True]
[6 7 8]

x = np.array([[11, 12, 13, 14, 15], 
              [16, 17, 18, 19, 20], 
              [21, 22, 23, 24, 25], 
              [26, 27, 28, 29, 30], 
              [31, 32, 33, 34, 35]]) 
y = np.apply_along_axis(np.sum, 0, x) 
print(y)
y = np.apply_along_axis(np.sum, 1, x)
print(y)
y = np.apply_along_axis(np.mean, 0, x) 
print(y)

练习：

交换数组arr中的列1和列2。

• arr = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3)

【知识点：索引与切片】

• 如何交换二维数组中的两列？

1. import numpy as np

2.  

3. arr = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3)

4. print(arr)

5. # [[0 1 2]

6. # [3 4 5]

7. # [6 7 8]]

8.  

9. x = arr[:, [2, 1, 0]]

10. print(x)

11. # [[2 1 0]

12. # [5 4 3]

13. # [8 7 6]]

交换数组arr中的第1行和第2行。

• arr = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3)

【知识点：索引与切片】

• 如何交换二维数组中的两行？

1. import numpy as np

2.  

3. arr = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3)

4. print(arr)

5. # [[0 1 2]

6. # [3 4 5]

7. # [6 7 8]]

8.  

9. x = arr[[1, 0, 2], :]

10. print(x)

11. # [[3 4 5]

12. # [0 1 2]

13. # [6 7 8]]

反转二维数组arr的行。

• arr = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3)

【知识点：索引与切片】

• 如何反转二维数组的行？

1. import numpy as np

2.  

3. arr = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3)

4. print(arr)

5. # [[0 1 2]

6. # [3 4 5]

7. # [6 7 8]]

8.  

9. x = arr[::-1, :]

10. print(x)

11. # [[6 7 8]

12. # [3 4 5]

13. # [0 1 2]]

反转二维数组arr的列。

• arr = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3)

【知识点：索引与切片】

• 如何反转二维数组的列？

1. import numpy as np

2.  

3. arr = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3)

4. print(arr)

5. # [[0 1 2]

6. # [3 4 5]

7. # [6 7 8]]

8.  

9. x = arr[:, ::-1]

10. print(x)

11. # [[2 1 0]

12. # [5 4 3]

13. # [8 7 6]]