容器中对象的部署分为两种方式:singleton和非singleton(java里叫prototype)。这里的singleton指的是“单例模式”,就是说当一个对象被定义为singleton时,容器中就只会有一个共享的实例,任何时候通过id或别名请求该对象都会返回这个共享实例的引用(也就是说这个对象只会被创建一次)。当使用非singleton,或者说原型模式布署时,每次请求对象都会创建新的实例。在某些场合,如果需要为每个用户返回单独的用户对象或其它对象,非singlton布署模式就比较理想。Spring.NET默认为singleton模式。每次调用GetObject方法时得到的都是同样的实例;当singleton="false"时,每次调用GetObject方法时得到的则是不同的实例。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<objects xmlns="http://www.springframework.net">
<!--单例模式-->
<object id="personDao" type="SpringNetScopes.PersonDao, SpringNetScopes"/>
<!--非单例模式-->
<object id="person" type="SpringNetScopes.Person, SpringNetScopes" singleton="false" />
<!--调用时加载-->
<object id="personServer" type="SpringNetScopes.PersonServer, SpringNetScopes" lazy-init="true"/>
</objects>
namespace SpringNetScopes
{
public class PersonDao : IPersonDao
{
public PersonDao()
{
Console.WriteLine("PersonDao被实例");
}
public override string ToString()
{
return "我是PersonDao";
}
~PersonDao()
{
Console.WriteLine("PersonDao被销毁");
}
public void Save()
{
Console.WriteLine("保存 Person");
}
}
public class Person
{
public Person()
{
Console.WriteLine("Person被实例");
}
public override string ToString()
{
return "我是Person";
}
~Person()
{
Console.WriteLine("Person被销毁");
}
}
public class PersonServer
{
public PersonServer()
{
Console.WriteLine("PersonServer被实例");
}
public override string ToString()
{
return "我是PersonServer";
}
~PersonServer()
{
Console.WriteLine("PersonServer被销毁");
}
}
}
[TestMethod]
public void CreateWithSingleton()
{
string[] xmlFiles = new string[]
{
"assembly://SpringNetScopes/SpringNetScopes/Objects.xml"
};
IApplicationContext context = new XmlApplicationContext(xmlFiles);
IObjectFactory factory = (IObjectFactory)context;
object obj1 = factory.GetObject("personDao");
object obj2 = factory.GetObject("personDao");
Assert.AreEqual(obj1, obj2);
}
[TestMethod]
public void CreateWithOutSingleton()
{
string[] xmlFiles = new string[]
{
"assembly://SpringNetScopes/SpringNetScopes/Objects.xml"
};
IApplicationContext context = new XmlApplicationContext(xmlFiles);
IObjectFactory factory = (IObjectFactory)context;
object obj1 = factory.GetObject("person");
object obj2 = factory.GetObject("person");
Assert.AreNotEqual(obj1, obj2);
}
[TestMethod]
public void CreateWithLazy()
{
string[] xmlFiles = new string[]
{
"assembly://SpringNetScopes/SpringNetScopes/Objects.xml"
};
IApplicationContext context = new XmlApplicationContext(xmlFiles);
IObjectFactory factory = (IObjectFactory)context;
object dao = factory.GetObject("personDao");
Console.WriteLine(dao.ToString());
object server = factory.GetObject("personServer");
Console.WriteLine(server.ToString());
}