代码随想录算法训练营三十八天|509，70，746

509. 斐波那契数

//递归
class Solution {
public:
    int fib(int N) {
        if (N < 2) return N;
        return fib(N - 1) + fib(N - 2);
    }
};
//维护队列
class Solution {
public:
    int fib(int N) {
        if (N <= 1) return N;
        vector<int> dp(N + 1);
        dp[0] = 0;
        dp[1] = 1;
        for (int i = 2; i <= N; i++) {
            dp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];
        }
        return dp[N];
    }
};
//维护两个值
class Solution {
public:
    int fib(int N) {
        if (N <= 1) return N;
        int dp[2];
        dp[0] = 0;
        dp[1] = 1;
        for (int i = 2; i <= N; i++) {
            int sum = dp[0] + dp[1];
            dp[0] = dp[1];
            dp[1] = sum;
        }
        return dp[1];
    }
};

70. 爬楼梯

//维护队列
class Solution {
public:
    int climbStairs(int n) {
        if (n <= 1) return n; // 因为下面直接对dp[2]操作了，防止空指针
        vector<int> dp(n + 1);
        dp[1] = 1;
        dp[2] = 2;
        for (int i = 3; i <= n; i++) { // 注意i是从3开始的
            dp[i] = dp[i - 1] + dp[i - 2];
        }
        return dp[n];
    }
};
//维护两个值
class Solution {
public:
    int climbStairs(int n) {
        if (n <= 1) return n;
        int dp[3];
        dp[1] = 1;
        dp[2] = 2;
        for (int i = 3; i <= n; i++) {
            int sum = dp[1] + dp[2];
            dp[1] = dp[2];
            dp[2] = sum;
        }
        return dp[2];
    }
};
//完全背包
class Solution {
public:
    int climbStairs(int n) {
        vector<int> dp(n + 1, 0);
        dp[0] = 1;
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { // 遍历背包
            for (int j = 1; j <= 2; j++) { // 遍历物品
                if (i - j >= 0) dp[i] += dp[i - j];
            }
        }
        return dp[n];
    }
};

746. 使用最小花费爬楼梯

//数组
class Solution {
public:
    int minCostClimbingStairs(vector<int>& cost) {
        vector<int> dp(cost.size() + 1);
        dp[0] = 0; // 默认第一步都是不花费体力的
        dp[1] = 0;
        for (int i = 2; i <= cost.size(); i++) {
            dp[i] = min(dp[i - 1] + cost[i - 1], dp[i - 2] + cost[i - 2]);
        }
        return dp[cost.size()];
    }
};
//数
class Solution {
public:
    int minCostClimbingStairs(vector<int>& cost) {
        int dp0 = 0;
        int dp1 = 0;
        for (int i = 2; i <= cost.size(); i++) {
            int dpi = min(dp1 + cost[i - 1], dp0 + cost[i - 2]);
            dp0 = dp1; // 记录一下前两位
            dp1 = dpi;
        }
        return dp1;
    }
};